HENDERSON r».
M Heniterson Hatltt Hfsjratrij U
ilK'HETH YEAR HENDERSON, N. C., MONDAY AFTERNOON, JULY 20, 1W3 f1VE CENTS COPY
Martial Law
Rules Italy
Air Warfare
On Naziland
Continues
RAF Big Bombers
Raid Essen for 57th .
Time; Mosquitoes
Blast Wide Ar ea
London, July 26 — (AP) —
RAF heavy bombers made a
concentrated attack on Essen
last ni^ht while Mosquito air
craft struck at Hamburg and
Cologne and swept over north
west Germany, the I.o\v Coun
tries and France, the British
announced vi/.lay.
Twenty-I'ivu* planes were list
ed a; missii'K in the far filing
overnight operations and five
rnt my aircraft were reported
V.hct down.
T!:e air iniristry aminunce
mcnt said I hat the raiders en
countered Rood weather over the
target area at Essen anil that
nr«Tm:nary reports indicated the
iirmb nu was concentrated and
effective.
The Rie.it formations of night nid
ers scnrtvly h:d returned to their
l»a=c-i when fresh squadrons of allied
raiders swept out across the English
channel this m iit nig to continue the
.-mashing aerial offensive—the great
est in history—by daylight.
Last night's raids followed a
f erirs of round-the-clock blows de
livered by both the HAF and the
United States eighth air force. Bri
tish bombers striking at battered
Hamburg Saturday night and Amer
ican airmen heaving destruction on
the smoking ruin- yesterday in this
deepest penetration of Germany.
Last night's raid was the 57th
m Es^en—one of the most heavily
bembed cities in the world.
In addition to the 25 bombers listed
as rris-ing in I'ne overnight foray,
one RAF fiehter also failed to re
turn home, the air miristry said.
W arehcuses
Are Jammed
Florida-Georgia
Tobacco Growers
Generally Pleased
With Price Ceiling
*
Atlanta, July 26—(AIM—To
bacco warehouses in northern
Florida and south Georgia were
rrpiirted jammed today as grow
ers generally expressed approval
of newly annotuteed ceiling prices
and hauled their crop in for
the opening of the 1913 mar
ket tomorrow.
The producers were also lined up
behind the government crop control
program. Incomplete returns from
Saturday's referendum in six south
ern slates showed an overwhelming
preference for continuation of the
(piot,is wlucii have been in erfcct
since 1910. Nearly !»l per cent or
the growers iavoivd control, with a
majority voting for a three-year ex
tension.
The price ceiling wasn't what the
growers had asked—but based on a
"weighted average" of $41 per hun
dred pounds it allowed some leeway.
It was described by officials as
"in line" with last year's priccs. The
actual market average last year was
$38.75 per hundred pounds.
The 1943 ctiling is determined by
averaging all purchases made bv a
single buyer during the season, with
out regard to grades or localities.
Thus a tobacco company could pay
more than the $41 ceiling for any
Particular basket, but by the end of
Ihe year would have to buy enough
cheaper tobacco to bring its average
price down t > the ceiling.
Of votes tabulated through yester
day, 110302 favored three-year ntio
las. 4.505 were for a ore-year plan,
and 12.000 wvre against federal con
trol.
STAR IS MOTHER
Hollywood, .fuly 20.—(AT')—L/tna
Turner, honov-haired film actress,
pave b'Mh I > a se<-««-oootid II
ounce daughter in Hollywood hos
pi'nl :it ,Vt!> . rv Sundnv.
"Both are Tine," reported Dr. Ben
''ow T^omtv". A name has not
been selected for the child.
At the hospital wore Mis* Tur
ner's hesfoiind. Stepren Crane. for
mer broker and now an Ar.ny pri
vate at nearhv Fnyt MacArthur, and
her mother, Mrs. Mildred Tu ner.
Out. . .
Premier Kr::i'o Mus-ol'i.i. clic'.;.t:»r of Italy for llic past 21 years, tc.igui'd
yc'ci;lay, and today was unofficially reported to have been arrested
as he attempted escape to Germany. Kins Vittolio I'.manuele named
Marshal Fietro Badoglio. former chief of staff and lung an opponent
of fascism, as successor to .Mussolini.
186 Tons Of Bombs
Dropped OnMunda
Ten Raids
Made On Kiska
Washington. July 2(5—(AIM—
Ten battering aerial assaults on
Ki.-ka. carrying on the campaign
to soften that Japanese basL> for
occupation by grounds troops,
were reported today by the Navy.
Army Warhawk fighter planes
made the assaults i:i a .-peedy
series ot raids Saiurdav. hiur.b
ing and strafing the Japani- e 0:1
the rocky Aleutians island.
Numerous hits, the Navy re
ported, were scored on the run
way at the Japanese airi:eld
there. In adition, other bombs
struck among gun emplacements
of the enemy.
One United States plane tailed
to ictiirn from the attar); which
brought to 3D the r.umber of
times that Kiska has been bomb
ed this month.
Surfacc> units also have turned
their big guns on the island
seven times since the fir t it the
month.
Badoglio
Foe Of Fascisn
B.v the Associated Press
Tall and lough Field Marsha
Pietro Hadoglio, Italy's new I'rin
Minister, has long been noted fc
his anti-Fascist and ai t.-(icrmun a
titure which made him suspect I
, Mussolfc-. i's henchmen.
Long a dose personal friend
King Victor Emm. nuei, t:ie 72-yea
old marshal has for the most" pa
held aloof from politics and on De
fi. 104(1. resigned as chief of staff •
the Italian army. Kiev en da>s aft'
•his resignatic-, which was quick
accepted by Mussolini, Germ;
troops poured .cr>.-< the border in
Italy proper.
Since that tii'.e he ha- been
man <>f mystery. Ueports drifting
the outside world, however, had hi
under arrest by tin* Mussolini g:r
yrnmc- t and one 't the leaders of
movement to obtain a separate pea
Jor Italy.
Mis frind'hip with the king da.
1" ek to the tune of Mat- 's partieip
'lion in the first World \V ir in wha
.his outstandnig ai-l a" ■ M«v»t was I
taking of Sabot mo Mountian. F
this the king made h i the Manp
of Sabot ino.
WI4TIIIR
FOR NOItTII CAROMNA.
Little rlianur In temperature
tonight and trmnrrnw with
widely scattered thunrierstinw
er.s wrst purtInn this aflornnon
i an:l early fvfnlns.
Over 200 Bombers
Blast Jap Positions;
Australians Bomb
Gasmata Airdrome
Allied Headquarters in the
Southwest Pacific, July 26.—
| (AP)—American numbers, in tiie
riifjlitiest aerial assault in tlie
southwest I'aeitie war, dropped
1K(> toiJ< of bombs on Japanese
positions at Alunda. New Geor
gia, yesterday.
.dure than '00 planes parti
cipated in the attack. One fail
ed to return.
The cunimuiiiiiuc from Goner.
I Douglas Mae A i tour's hcadiiuurtei
made no comment <>ii the results <
the raid beyond saying tlt.it "ti
area was thoroughly bombed.'
Six hundred miles to the wes
tin royal Australian air force cxecu
ed the heaviest attach yet made o
.he Gasmata airdrome on the sout
eoa.-t of New Brit.mi. ltoaring in i
dawn, Deauforts, Bcaufighters sm
Batons with Kittyhawks as cuve
destroyed the radi > station an
ground aire rait.
"The run way and dump areas an
eniaiy personnel were thorough I
strafed." the communique .sun
"Aiiti-aircriilt position* were .silent
v'd."
Attacks against Jap.ine.-e shippin
continued. A Liberator bomber u
reconnaissance over IJukii island i
the northern Solonion sighted eigl
L|Japanese inerchantnien moving i
I the direction of the hard prcsst
i enemy bases to the southeast. Tl
! bomber attacked the largest of tl
II vessels which wire without the pi
' 'lection of warships. Crewmen sa
1 they saw six o! thtir SOH-jkhii:
' | bombs explode within Id feet of tl
' I 8,000-ton transport. The ship raist
f!a heavy anti-aircraft barrage ai
the Liberator did not remain to ol
j ser\ e results.
r 4-H ENROLLMENT
GROWS IN STAT
( ! College Station, lialciKh. July 2ii.
Noitn Carolina's -ill Club enrol
.( nienl lias increased .».> per cent tii
ye.ii under the : tre«s of wartn
( coiiditi us iintl it ii w lands at i>.i
li!f, boy * and girl... L. Ii. Ilarnll. sla
, club L.iilei <■! the 1 M-n ion Servi
c at S ,te College, announced iie
'.OlI.lV.
s The record,, show that J iltn-ln
1 *iSs and Mecklenburg eiuntic- h.
j the largi.-t elll'ollmci' - .iinon;; I
(1 while clubs and (hi t Northainpt.i
, pit . Wan en. and I'.l.nlen eonnli
! Ii, (I in Ncgru eiirolhiictii.
St < OMI FRONT III MANIIi l)
! 1, don. July 2(1.— (AIM Urgii
i for a second front in western i
rope were re owed with fresh vi«
■ ovci the Moscow radio vesterday
! M Viktnrov. nuthoritai'.ve politi,
[ ci n tvnlator. Ho declared that sti
] «n attack now would (urn the pri
I rnt n-izl Cfltif if to "a veritable
M t're 1
Termini
Captured
Trccps Squeeze Last
Sta:id Defense in
IVortheaftern Corner
of the Island
Allied Headquarters in North
Africa. Inly :J6—(AI»>—Allied
Iroojis are squeeziiifr lighter up
on axis last-stand defenses in
nort lieastern Sicily against bit
ter resistance. it \va-; -innoiineed
today, and American troops
mopping no w.-st'-ni Sicily have
capti'reil Termini. :{0 miies east
of l'alcrm >. and taken 7,000
more prisorers, includinjr six
Italian generals and an admiral.
(Tlie Algiers radio today re
pr.rted th:* unonfrimed Amer
ican ca| it lire of Cefaln, 50 miles
east of Palermo.)
"I'llrthcr pressure on the en
emy was maintain! il in all sec
tors." Iiy .•< merrcan. Canadian
:>ml ItrilUh f<nc"s closing in on
Ihr Catai'.ia-IHiti-.Mf>sina area,
the rommu'-iiiuc declared.
Ydians striking east from
central Sicily "continued to ad
vance but their progress was
slowed in the face of hitter re
sistance." it added.
Sonu- i nits of 'hi- U. S. seventh
army driving tow ird Messina are far
to the c;.-t i>f Termini and its can
ture >11- .lid; les !' <• srasp upon the
norlht !'* coastal aiea of live island.
Mi than 70 (Mm ;vi;oner- now are
.in allied hards. <>V whom 57.00(1
were taken t-v American-, the six
Itali. n sene '• and the adtniral not
beins itnme.'i vlv identified
It wrs of'u-ially estimated tliat
thn o and > 1 ill' German divisions
and three It n divisi-vs were but
tled up i*> 'lie northeastern corner of
*5icilv. On< 'if the razis nii'ts in the
Me-sina br dcehcad was identif ed
as the 29th d vi«ion. named for the
German ir.it destroyed by the Rus
: sit'"- at Sl iltncrad.
Allied planes kept up their i ices
! sant hammer ns and the avis supplv
nr-rt of M ia// ■ west of Mvssina wa
bl:>.-tcd S:'t';rd v niaht with many
, f;;<< starti d. Ho ld objectives near
Orlando al» ■» were hit.
C otton F utures
50-55 Lower
Nf.v York. Inly 2G.—(AIM ('•>!
'on ii^'ires i'1'i'iiccl 1") to .in cents a
bale liivvor.
Noon price- were 50 In con!: ;i
bale lower. Oi-tiibt-r 1!).}!!), Dmniiu i
'•!).70, .March 10.54.
Prcviou- Tufi.n
CIc.M Oll'.ll
, October 20.IM i 1IMU
!)<•( V1!'!' Itl.Hl 1
i Mr.rrh .. ID.fiii lil.iin
.May . ... l'l.f.J llMJi
' .«* 11 v )!).:«• !».:{;]
30 Indicted
For Strikes
Federal Grand Jury
Charges Conspiracy
to Prevent Coal
Production
rillsliiir':li July 'Mi—(AIM—\
ledcial er.'inl jury iiivcstiealiiii:
recent uimiiIIiimI/'mI strikes in the
sod coal drills »( south u cslcr'i
I'ciiiutyh.ini.i today indictcd ;!u
pelviiiis. charging conspiracy to
prevent production or coal in
violation »i "'«* law.
The prosecution* ncrc Hie first
since pii.ii inii'iit of (lie (°onnall>
Sinilli anli slrikp law on .lime !."•
The in . < 'iiiciiin charm (I deli ml
.Hits S1 If II.V Willi 'V lit li Mlli'll
cull j'.ri 'iilcdera' it;; 1 ttet-ic
in ifit« rft ■■ 1 -Irikc iir<l i lhi" iiitvr
' nip'iitus I' Hi'-' • >| m* • a 11 ■ s" "
iniii< . iipt ' I I»v the u v i ! t>• i i hi
; , The inrf iwil Mid ffio.«c iwiimi
i- "well knew it the mines were t
Iho United St.iti - n
v thai c.'ii'; » operation \\ .. • Men:
I Mty "i HirMHful prosecution >
li (he wnr."
Conv i • r indor thr nnti- '•
i- laiv rv ' l-> .Ci.ono
pi r-r ' -n* y?.n
In...
Marshal Pictio Bad.ji*]ii>. former
chief of >t ft of the Italian army
whom Mils soli-i dci>.>.->cd, yes
terday was named prem er
the \va« -torn and lnva*i >n
Ihro'iti'iifd country lollowinij he
resignat;. . oi the former d..t 1
tor. Today, Bad.>glio placed the
nation under martial 1 w.
Reds Drive
Nearer Orel:
Stalin Directs Army
in Offensive; 30
More Towns Taken;
Nazi Lorses Mount
Moscow, July 2I>.— (AIM —
Russian troops inspired by per
sonal visits «r I'remier .losel
Stalin to ttic front slashed thro
ugh stubborn resistance to ad
vance two and one-half to five
and one-half miles on the Orel
front yesterday and now stand
within sis miles of the Ilryansk
railua> supplying the powerful
nasi bast*.
Thirty more populated place.
\vi iv u| Liiict«iv. ;iiui i. •nnan
position? I'it.iiiii' won mim pr»
CitS'lf U; III -full- < • t ■-1 lf»"i 111 • COIIlUT .11
'•aek>. 1 ;• .J n../.i Ihsts iii rn ii iiiii!
iiuii'. i i mii mued.
Stall ih I'll ,ii 1 ill* lion' ..Illri
i»l tin .1-. per-onally supi . . rinn
<i;x-i .iti i . it was disclosed. a.- i 11«■
Uiti am.' moved slowly toward
Complex > ia i.'eleineiil nl Orel.
(The Ciennan communique declar
ed 1li.il .iii liii.-M.m attacks vesier
da.v hiid been frustrated, wish the
Red .< y stiffeiing heavy lo-ses »i,
men mI tanks. Soviet assault.- m
tin (.'. .. mi- and Lake Ladoga are: •
likewi- ..l ie repulsed. it itided.)
'i'he in Ivances upon Orel weir
.UIII<<UH< Cm a special cunimiinii|in'.
Ti.i■ i.'u i..n gains were registeren
in the stubborn oppositi in
liv ii • Ci'iir.iii ilelenders, tin emii
iiiiimt|i. <'■■ but deelari tl Cieiman
Ik i .- in the latent fighting mutini
ed i < ovei 2.1KI0 dead.
The > < iet advance, the bulletin
said. •• being well supported by
the lied . u force.
TWELVE FLIERS DIE .
IN CRASH OF PLANES
II,...in.. Jul? 28. CAP) rwe
Ana. i.a Ibombers Mtariniu <n
a patrol J* 'i-iay e >llided in i .ai-ati
2,(10.1 teet i ic Cuban Army he,.d
tpiarleis ..illing 12 Atnciican ,ui
men.
The plain - w ere loaded with
bomb- and ne t'l the erewme.i
might hi.\e s.acd their lives «»y
u tills, .niiu. tlx hir.h explosive- oi
the crowded beaches or Army head*
i|iNirtet~. i •' tiny tried lo i ila
i i ash Itttidi . •<' st a and the pla
Ijlew up.
Only <<ii> i ''ii i2 boilie- had Inn
reeoM-ieil • ' hours alter In
ii eidt nl.
FIRE DAMAGES LUMBEF
PLANT AT WARRENT0>
Warrenl < ■■ <Ui1y 21.—(AIM T'.i
\" i -i:r11,i-C". . laui'be" I' • upan;
. a ned by II M Hard and I'. tl Sn
in.ei. two pi 'lament Wnrrcit'.oit rc>
. ie ' had i < on Krida v n, n il
, i ;• o'< Hi and the o| I p: n.u
U III I. . '<■ I .Mill \\ Ol'e de-tl ivr
The buildings were eovered by i;
tur.nu e and losses have i.ot yet bi t
e • ated.
I he new pinning mill which h.
i;i ) eeeiith been built WAS not dan
lifted and v. as near the other t\\
i oust; uetiorn.
Hoi' lie W. rronton .;id Monde
on lite trucks responded p.mtpt
r : -'id «plen.1id V.'ir' <■> v.
i t•' m c*«; • tp.
Badoglio T akes Over
As Premier; I! Duce
Reported In Custody
New Italian Premier Orders Army
lo Preserve Public Order, Forbids
Gatherings; Mussolini Said to Have
Attempted to Escape to Germany
London, July li(>—(AP)—Mart'al law was proclaimed
throughout harassed Italy today in swift succession to a govern
ment shaUeup which eliminated Benito Mussolini and his fascist
cabinet and installed the conservative Marshal l'ietro lladoglio
as premier.
Kinjf Vittorio Hmanuele made the change in the war leader
ship. the first major break on the axis front and a possible pre
lude to ail Italian bid for peace.
km<^
Kint! YittiU'io Enian .oie ol Italy
j assumed enmman.l (it Itali 11
I I »rcw for "a stand ngain-it tho#e
i who have wounded I ho sacred
s.til of Italy" as Benit • Mussolini
iosipied the premiei-hip ;il or
21 years of dictatorship.
Hull's Faith
In Military
Secretary of State
Indicates Increased
Pressure to Follow
Downfall of Duce
Washington, ,lnl\ Hi.— (AIM —
Secretary of S'.ate Hull indicated
today that incrcas-d military
IMftisurc to insure Italian capit
lilalion to the allied demand lor
niH'oniiiiinnnt surrender would
iir ll;is country's rc-iionsr lo the
downfall ol (V.-nito .Mussolini,
lie termed \ t •>• timely and ap
propriate liie elHimtl of the It.dial
Premier's U'Kimc and said was tin
tn-t major step in the early am
e. mplete eradication ol fascism. lJ.ii
Mull emphasised repeatedly tha
: ehiot reliance is on militaiy devei
I opments.
' The Slate department head, mak
j inu the first oflicial American conr
:: nt 'i the displaci i out of the Itai
i.ill do Mlor. told a on •> c nifcrein
that the allies were tiuMm^ ilU<* th
I de\ il, v. hen asked what the Unitei
! S'aies was doinj; in the tare of tn
11, hail internal developments
Hull indicated no chauue in In
(iik i i.dit i -iial surrender policy In
d «wn by President H ><scvelt an
Prime Minister t'hlirehill and sal
it all minds lire kept on irjMint: lik
the de\il Ilie allies w ill win the Wii
. much : oonci.
lie cmphasi/.cd that ail at'citi"
. 1 i iv, i on mililai v de\ eloppieT.1
TWO MERCHANTMEN
SUNK IN ATLANT1
(By The Assoc.atrd I'rcss.i
Tin sinking ol two merchant *hi|
in the western Atlaniie, made publ
- last week, raised to STj the Ass acta
ed Press total of announced uniti
nations and neutral merchant sh
- lojfr.s in the area since Pearl 11a
y it.r.
c "Inavy s~i.*l 1vv> for*-lis dii
■ III IV II .n nil .1\I> UIUIIIUIICC
mcnt ol what had krrumc of
Mussnlini hiii unconfirmed re
ports from Stockholm said lie had
item arrested while trying to flee
to Germany. Koimdabout Stock
holm reports also told of demon
strations in northern Italy with
thousands of Italians shouting
"Dswu wi''i Hitler." "Out with
•he Germans" ;:nd "We want
Ll.ici;i.til•1» 1 .»ien-.| ti.o .limy to takt?
over the pii.-' inn • i prbl.e or
der tiir-.i:"!! I1. • n:i\i..n. lorbade
gatht rim- ' . Hi. ii tin it- per
ROIW, directed Me j:i-. I.' remain
"I fie.r ' i . ::n e.i ... \.»red tlic
troops l« •« • . i- who vio
lated l'ii' in-': net' :i-.
Hour by hour, deed i;i, •.t sits ill the
• itu.'it (in .• i. > ii v i ;i-:i.ii the and
■i) the struggle .nto whir'.! ".I issoli.i
'jlunj»<d !!. |y with "lie t:.ii!i. ;i< Ger
many'- ally, ipon rrartee. June 10,
1041, we t. Lv. ii.icU' i.-t by the Heme
arlio and recorded hv listening posts
Ihrnnghi ut the world.
Dispatches i'roin hoth Switzer
land and Sweden said Mussolini
hail been arrested. These were
without eoiiflrmafion from axis
quarters.
A Reuters report from Stoek
holm said offieers seized the dic
tator while he was try ing to
eseape from Il-.ily to Germany. A
Bern dispatch said thai he and
his ministers were taken into
custody.
Confronted lv "inc rif the grav
\-t problem- tii.i' tht commander of
1 bo;.ton .nd di-p - t«* army ever
art'd. w t'.f Iv.lk ut Sic.lv over
nil by .,1 I'd : ie-. with German
roup- and G- rman police .• Italian
• il. ;iud v ' and cities beset
>>• bombi si which threaten ever In
•reasinj; force. Bsduglin said "the
var coin in o ."
In addition ' > tii- I!i '.ructions to
he peopli*. the new premier i.--ued
i special <ie ut the day stating
hat the voluntary f.isr.st militia "is
i!! integral par' of th,. armed forces
if t!ic nation and with them, as al
vays. eooporat( - n the common work
ind inte ti.'ii !>•. the dofon.-v of the
atherland."
The UAO.UOO niaei; Shirt once
dnssolini's p'.\.it'.- army—are the
ccuiippt' i ; at) i >ng Italy's
nili'arv t >rcc: t ' 2.H00.000
ncn.
The Berlin radio said Budoelio
had appointed Baron Kafl'aele
Buariglia. »l. Italian Ambassador
to Turkey for III:' last sis months,
as foreign minister in Italy's new
government. The foreign minis
try was among the portfolios for
merly held by Mussolini.
With :«t years experience in diplo
macy. Baron Biiariglia could have
Ijcen a go-bctw< i n in any nogo'ia
Iion-, tin a scpar ite peace during
hi.- residence in neural Ankara.
Selling Hurts
Stock Prices
Now York, .lulv 20.—(AD—
j Hriiihtrninn "I the peace outlook
through tin- o'lUip.-r <•! Mussolini
;iih! other Italian developments
touchcd nil v.idtM-alo sfilitiK in to
aa.v's financial iniirkvl.
Cominoditic- dipped with stocks
und - gcnei-nlly weakened.
Sharkn Mil* included f. S.
St col. Hethlehcin, \< < >icrn Untoii,
Douglas Aircraft, I'tuted Aucrait.
j Spcrry, .1 I Case. Scars llocburk.
North Amcican and Allied Chenti
<• 11 Internalional Tolophone advam
• d. Holding reel's."ions in minnt
amounts were (icncral Motors. Chry
, slcr. Text s Co.. Anaconda, Ooodrtcil
. and American Telephone.
■ ! unnamed united nations merchant
• I vessel in the Caribbean early in
I July.
> Stockholm authorities said the 1,
• ; B41 ton Swedish freighter. Scan
dinavia. had been torperl">ed in »he
srnMh AHrntir rn*l t^ot survivor*
i hf.d tfgn ! 'Culr.ta."