Newspapers / Daily Herald (Roanoke Rapids, … / Jan. 9, 1920, edition 1 / Page 7
Part of Daily Herald (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) / About this page
This page has errors
The date, title, or page description is wrong
This page has harmful content
This page contains sensitive or offensive material
ROANOKE RAPIDS HERALD, ROANOKE RAPIDS, N. C. 1 7 nrrrr IConducted by Nn.on! Council of tilt Boy Bcouts of America.) BOY-SCOUTS BLACK LOCUST RECOMMENDED FOR W00DLOT A jl sue w vvcwisjl -H i '' t H 'I j '"Ls. "VI-. KITCHEN VITH MODERN VATER SYSTEM : :. ,. - ...... ...... ., 1' Jf MODEL BATH OOM.jjY DELIGHT OF THE FARMERS WIFE. Kiirt " 'iEUB Is Scriptural authority . f Tfor the stntement that bitter If fjlSZ ? waters and sweet do not flow "T J nfm from the same fountain. The I .W-HL I same truth applies to wells on I Wr TlT!i iStf V " Si the fanu. The family that kTO lJflW l Cfl! uses a ell or spring subject M iVt"vJll P'MUmM to contamination Is almost t -ff CSSSSl surely destined to taste the V" ,? a H 1 72 ,jQ R'l CI t Eiki-M .mil (Prepared by the United 8tate Depart ment of Agriculture.) IERK is Scriptural authority for the statement that bitter i waters ami sweet do not now II I frola ,lle snme fountnln- The JUL I same truth applies to wells on the fanu. The family that uses a well or spring subject to contamination Is almost snrely destined to taste the dregs of sorrow and suffering for having drunk Its disease-laden output. In vestigations made by the United States depart ment of agriculture Indicate that only a sinal! minority of farm-water supplies can be classed as unqualifiedly safe and desirable. On the aver age three out of four farm wells are located with in 75 feet of a back door of the house aud In the direction of the barnyard. That convenience and first cost, not safety, have been the decliHng factors In such enses Is made evident by the nearness of barnyards, pig pens, pastures, fertilized fields, sink drains, priv ies, cesspools, and areas rendered Insanitary bv chickens, slops, and other filth. Too frequently the seepage from these and other sources, after Joining the ground water, moves to wells and springs. Impairing the water supply by Impurity, and may be grossly poisonous. Sewage Disposal. Popular Indifference to the effective disposal of sewage has existed so long and so universally that only within comparatively recent years hns it been realized that this waste product of hu man life Is poisonous and must be kept from the food and drink of man. From the specific germs or poison that may be carried In sewage at any time there may result typhoid fever, tuberculo sis, hookworm disease, cholera, dysentery, diar rhea, or other ailments, and It Is not Improbable that certain obscure maladies may be traced event ually to the poisonous effects of drainage from hu man waste. The poison Is Invisible to the naked eye, and It may be carried by many agencies, by devious routes, and be unsuspectingly received Into the human body. Typhoid fever Is peculiarly a rural disease, and many instances clearly Indi cate serious neglect of responsibility with regard to sanitation by people who live In the country. Not to d!sposei of sewage promptly Invites nui sance, but not to dispose of sewage cleanly and completely invites disease. It Is not enough that human filth Is taken 50, 75, 100, or 150 feet away from a well or spring, or that It Is. taken merely to lower ground. Given loose or open subsoil, seamy ledge, or long-continued pollu tion of one plat of ground, the zone of contamina tion is likely to extend and readily may reach quite distant wells, especially at such times -is well waters are lowered by drought or heavy pumping. Whatever the system of sewage dis posal, It should be entirely and widely sepa rated from the water supply, and. If possible, the surface of the sewage In any leaky privy, vault or cesspool should be lower than the low est water In any near-by well. The United States department of agriculture has prepared bulletin No. 712, from its 1916 Yearbook, enti tled "Sewage Disposal on the Farm," which give details regarding various types of outhouses, sug gestions regarding plumbing, cesspools, septic tanks, and related subjects. This pamphlet will be mailed free on request. Pure Water the Need. One of the first and" obvious needs of Ameri can farms Is pure water supply, From the standpoint of the housewife, second only In Im portance to purity, Is the installation of a water system In the farm house that will save labor. Continued pumping will not Improve water In well If the sources which feed It are permanent ly at fuult. Wells cannot be located In all cases to be whoiiy free from pollution, but the ?tvn? est safeguards are clean ground, and as wide sep arations as possible from the probable chunuels of Impure drainage. Water for domestic use should be clean, lus trous, ot'orless, colorless, wholesome, soft, neither strongly acid nor alkaline, and Its temperature for general farm purposes should be about 50 de frees. Thes characteristics, however, are never proof of purity, for a glass of water may pos se them all and yet contain millions of diseuse producing genus. Ground water Is the Ideal supply for the farm. Any farmer who Is about to have a deep well, and who Is uncertain of the depth and quan tity or quality of the W8ter likely to be encoun tered, should describe fatly the location and con dition of his proje-t to national or state geologi cal authorities and ask for advice. The use of the willow, hazel, or peach stick for locating un derground water Is without merit, although "forked-stick" artists from experience often are better able to Judge the probabilities of ground water than the average person. Various Kinds of Wells. Wells are spoken of as shallow or deep, dug. bored, driven, or drilled, and In the case of tubu lar wells, ns notitlowlng, flowing, or' artesian. Persons Interested in the various types of wells and their construction, advantages, disadvantages, etc., will find the subject treated In Farmers' Cul letln No. 941. Vherever possible, the fnrnihouse should he fitted with some sort of running-water system, simple or eluborate, occordlug to the Investment the owner Is able to muke. For such systrnis water may be raised by natural flow, hydraulic rams, pumps, air lifts, or alr-dlsplacement pumps. Hydraulic rums are the most economical water lifting devices. Since rams of various sizes and makes perform differently, It usually Is necessary to accept the mechanical details determined by the manufacturer. The minimum, never mo.e than the average, flow of the spring should de termine the size of the ram. Otherwise, the one selected may be too large for the dry-weather flow. Small flows may be determined by ii"t!ng the time required to fill a vessel of known ca pacity. Larger flows may be determined by weir measurements. When the water supply Is far from the ram site, it Is usual to pipe the flow to an open lunk or reservoir located so as to secure the desired length and fall of drive pipe. Sometimes the flow of a spring Is too small to actuate a ram that Is sufficient for domestic requirements. In such Instances and where a nearby brook can be dammed to obtain the necessary power head, the recoil of the ram may be employed to admit the spring water, which Is pumped by a full of the brook wuter to the pipe drive. Motion of water produces friction, which In creases with the length and roughness of the pipe and the rapidity of the water's movement. Hence, wherever much water is to be delivered through a long pipe the power or head necessity to overcome friction should be determined. The bulletin mentioned before (Farmers' Uullctin No. 941) contains a table which shows the friction head ; that Is, the number of feet to be added to the vertical height for each 100 feet of Iron pipe (not new) to overcome friction when discharg ing given quantities of water. Selection of Pump. In the selection of a pump one should deter mine the kind of well to be used, its Inside di ameter, depth to the bottom, the depth cased, depth to the water level, both when the pump Is at rest and In operation, and the maximum yield. The maximum quontlty of water required per day should be calculated also. One should also determine the distance from the well to tne proposed location of the pump and the vertical height between these points; likewise the dis tonce from the pump to the reservoir or tank and the vertical height between these points. The kind of power to be employed should be settled upon also hand power, windmill, gasulliio or ell engines, or electric motors und the method of transmitting the power. Farm pumps usually are of the suction, Mft, force, deep-well type or some combination of these. Suction and lift pumps do not raise wa ter above the pump nor discharge It under press ure. Suction pumps require the cylinder to be above the water level of the supply. If a per fect vacuum could be created within the cylinder water could be raised vertically by suction 33.9 feet at sea level. However, the actual suction lift Is usually not more than two-thirds of the theoretlcnl lift. Methods of making tight joints are described In the bulletin referred to. Horizontal suction pipes may extend long dis tance", providing the friction loss plus the ver tical height from the water level to pump valvo does Lot exceed the limiting suction lift Where SIMPLIFIED ELEVATION SHOVING SEWERAGE SYSTEM AND CESSPOOL IATH ROOM OUTFIT ON INCH STACK. SINK AND LAUNDRY TUB ON I INCH STACK SHOWING AIR PRESSURE SYSTEM ViTH HOT AND COLD WATER RUNNING TO FIXTURES a pump cnmmt he placed so that the limiting suction lift will not he exceeded. It Is neeesn-y . lo lower the pump cylinder Into the well, raising Hie water from the cylinder to the spout by t'.;e direct lift of the piston. Wuter can be puvhed more easily than It can he pulled, hence, rather than resort to extreme suction lifts It Is prefer able to lower the cylinder to within 13 feet or less of the supply, or still better to submerse It Where water Is discharged against pressure a force pump Is necessary. A practical Installn tion for the kitchen sink is a combined suction and force pump which win be found a great 'a bor saver for the housewife. Deep-Well Pumps. Deep-well pumps are heavier and stronger than those described above. They may be of the lift or force type and the standard or working head Is always directly over tho well. The cylinder should be near (within 15 feet) or else' bol.nv water level which pumping and drought may cre ate. Submergence Is the preferable arrange ment. In all Installations the clze of the pump ing cylinder must be determined from the size, depth, and yielding power of the well, the quan tity of water required, and the available power. Deep wells and hand or wlndwlll outfits take small cylinders. Pumping by means of compressed air Is very old, but the systems used prior to 1909 required the air supply to be turned on or shut off accord ing to whether or not the water was needed Haed on a patent granted In that year, a two tylinder alr-dlsplacement pump submerged in the v uter supply and controlled by the opening and closing of the faucet, was devised. The essen 1 s: parts of Installation, besides such a pump are an air compressor, storage tank, engine or mo torwith air and water pipes, and minor attach ments. The pump operates only when water is used, starting whenever a faucet is opened and conl inning until all faucets are closed. The chief advantage of alr-dlsplacement pumps Is that water may be taken from ordinary ileith or lateral distance, or from several sources, with one power outfit aud delivered direct from the well to the faucet. The power plant may he located wherever convenient nnd ns many pumps may be used as there ore sources of water. Bi Mi hard and soft water may be delivered by usins two pumps and the necessary piping syste-ns. Air-displacement pumps are not adapted nt pres ent to lifts much over 125 feet or to wells 'os than three inches In' diameter, nor can they be used where more water Is required than the well can supply within a specified perir.1. Air pipes and alr-dlsplacement pumps must be tlfcht nnd remain tight In service, nnd working pa-; must be kept In good order. Horsepower Needed. Water may be raised by hand, windmill, li.i drnullc rnms, steam, hot air. gus, Internal-combustion engines, or electric motors. Hand power Is nnsnlted to large supplies or high lifts. Wind mills are probably the most familiar type of me chanical power used, and often are nrrnnged tn start and stop automatically. Gasoline and oil engines are well adapted to farm pumping, an. I may be equipped to stop at any desired pressure In n supply tank. The use of electricity fr pumping is increasing. The method Is clin. quiet, and convenient, and starting or stopping a distant pump by throwing a switch may he prac tical wherever transmission lines are sufficiently near. The theoretical horsepower needed to rnlsn water Is found by multiplying the gallons pumped In one minute by the total lift. In feet. luclitiS'ns friction In both suction and discharge pipes, and then dividing the product by 4.000. The horse power, ns computed, should be multiplied by from two to four to overcome losses In pumping 'ind still allow for a reserve of power. OrdlnarMy one to two horsepower engines are sufficient f.r farm pumps, but It Is always safest to determine this point by computation. An advantage to be derived from the w-ll-ln-stalled farm water system often overlooked is the benefit It affords In the way of fire prevention. With relatively small expenditure, flxtuies can he added to a pipe system, which give ready access to the water supply for fighting flames. In al most every case a fire can be easily put out If discovered at Its early stage, providing there ' flre-fightlng apparatus near by, and all hnn 's. even the children, are tnught and drilled to u-e such apparatus coolly and skillfully. CONCRETE ON THE FARM. If there Is any one thing more than another that hns aided the farmer In making his farm stein! more attractive, his live stock more com fortable and his farm more valuable. It Is con crete on the farm. It Is one of the most eco nomical and suitable farm-bulldlng materials. In permanency It cannot be surpassed. In fnct. It Is unequuled In this one respect. Concrete Is also one of the biggest factors In making build ings rat and mouse proof. Needless to say. rats and mice hove always been a constant menace to the farmers' grain bins and corncrlbs, but the widespread use of concrete on the farm has great ly reduced the damage done to stored grains. Perhaps the greatest value of concrete, how ever. Is the fact that It can be mixed by the farm er himself. Instead of having to depend upon expensive masons and carpenters he can eniploj his spare time In concrete construction, becausi concrete work is something that anyone can le.tra with a little practice. USED DICE TO TEST THEORY University Student. Employed I W "Bones" to Demonstrate the Law of Reeurrlnfl Numbers. Some cracking good exponent of tfce art of -African golf." wme trainer of the galloping dominoes, may yet get .position on the University of MInne- ntnS'in the Cass studying tlstlc the other day applied them selves to the fortunes of dice to prove or disprove certain rules of recurring; numbers. The theory they set out to test was that with three dice It Is a certainty that a given number will fall to turn up 125 times, and will turn up 75 times on one dice, 15 times on two and once on all three of the dice, out of 210 throws. The students found that the rule worked, for the dice came out 128, 74, 12 and 2. St Paul Dispatch. No Smoking There. , A traffic jam at the corner of Sixth r.venue and a street In the upper For ties forced the wowinn to stop. Later she thanked ber lucky star for the pause that made ber a witness of an unusual scene. There was a saloon on the corner, and a crowd hud gathered, at the "Family Entrance." Over the heads of the spectators the saw a fairly well-dressed couple being ejected by the manager of the saloon. He was large and Irish and spoke with a de licious brogue. "Sure." he Indignantly yelled, "and lt me that'll tache ye not to shniol; In the par-rlor, of tne saloon. I've got a sign up as big as yez Dleas -i a. aren'fcallowed to shmoke In here.' and it moDes what It fays. Sure and If yez wont to shmoke ye can go where the sasslety women hang out and do It. But this Is a respectal talooa" New lork Evening Sun. SCOUTS EMBODY BEST IDEALS "During my four years In Germany." says James W. Gerard, former Ameri can ambassador, "I miw much of the child life of that country. The chil dren were paraded through the streets sinking their songs of hate. In the schools they were 'taught n delllwrate perversion of history, for iiisionce: The Katherl'.ind dvl not wish to In.lure the I'elgians. hut the wicked ltelgiaus promised to allow our troops to p;iss through their country and then at tacked them." How different are the methods thnt are used to bring out the best In the childhood of this, our own country! Willie the Germans had organisations which were Intended to develop hatred and like passions In the hearts of the young, we have the Ho. Scouts of America. Tills splendid organization well Illustrates the difference in Idenls between the two countries. In the Boy Scouts the boy subscribes to an oath to be true to himself and his country nnd to keep himself morally and physically fit at all times. He also pledges himself to "do a good turn dnlly." The boy Is tnught woodcraft and many other useful things. He partici pates In big public functions and civic ceremonials. From the very first he Is led Into the higher citizenship. PRISONERS AID SCOUT PLAN. Through the gray of the granite wolls that shut awny the Inmates of the Minnesota state prison from the rest of the world came this little story which shows that "stone walls do not a prison make nor Iron bars cage." In the office of George D. Pratt, treasurer of the National Council. Boy Scouts of America, New York, a letter arrived from Stillwater n let ter cnntnlnlng 28.fi0. "In payment of the following applications for associ ate membership in the National Coun cil of the Boy Scouts of America." Daniel Blue, Frank Meyers. Joseph Kelly, Charles Kramer, J. W. Schwartz, George Olson, Jacob Red Bird, N. A. Burke, August Ruther all prisoners. Far removed from the blue skies and running streams and long, winding roads that perhaps they themselves had trod In their boyhood, they looked back through the years, at the what-might-have-been, at the different lives they might have led had they been shown differently, and "came across" that other boys might have a fighting chance. 8C0UTS URGE AMERICANIZATION. The executive board of the Bov Scouts of America has decided to strengthen Its program for citizenship training In order that even a greater emphasis than before would be placed upon developing patriotism and Ameri canization. It wns also agreed that special ef fort would be made to develop a pro gram for older boys, affording them an opportunity to "learn by doing," In prepnring for citizenship respon sibilities. The executive board meetl.ig wns at tended by Messrs. Walter W. Head, of Omaha; John M. Phillips, of Pitts burgh; George D. Porter, of Phila delphia; Alfred W. Dater, of Stam ford; Hon. James J. Storrow, of Bos ton; Charles P. Nelll and Colin H. Livingstone, of Washington. D. C. ; Mr. Daniel Carter Beard, of Flushing: John Sherman Hoyf. George D. Pratt, Lieut. Col. Theodore Roosevelt, Jere miah W. Jenks and James E. West, of New York City. Mortimer L. Schlff was selected as the representative of the Boy Scouts of America on the International Scout committee. SPOKANE SCOUTS AS FIREMEN. At a meeting of the fire prevention and fire Insurance committee of the chamber of commerce In Spokane. Wash., It wns decided to perfect a per manent organization to he known as the Spokane Scout Firemen. The organization will consist of Boy Scouts who have passed certain ex aminations on fire prevention. Fire .Chief A. L. Weeks will be ex-oflicio chief of the organization. Deputy State Fire Marshal Groce stated at the meeting that he cited the boy scout fire organization as an ex ample and Incentive on bis visit to other states and towns In the state. He had slides made of the Spokane scout fire exercises lo lielu other cities to follow Spokane's lead. w -T s , i B ack Locust Plantation, Trees Five Years Old. .rreparrd by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) Black locust known also as "yel low" locust Is one of the most profit able and useful kinds of timber for the farm. The wood is heavy, hard, and particularly durable when used In the ground. For use :is fence posts, black locust Is long-lived and very desirable. Only one other wood gives longer serv ice, namely, osage orange or "bois mmim Black "Locust Utilizing Rocky Place on Farm Are Indications of Good Farm Management. d'arc," which, however, nowhere oc curs in abundunce and Is so hurd that It Is difficult to drive stuples Into It ex cept when It Is green. Locust Grows Rapidly. Block locust grows rapidly and yields good-sized fence posts at an age of from fourteen to twenty years, ac cording to the forest service. A worn- out field In middle Tennessee which, 'JO years previously, bad been planted with one-year-old locust seedlings, yielded fence posts worth $188 an acre on the stump, or $480 at the railroad about two miles distunt. This was a gross return of $0.40 an acre yearly on a hillside of fairly good soil which be fore the trees were set out had started to gully badly; Returns of $5 to $7 an acre annually have frequently been realized on poor, thin hill land. Good soils nnderluid with limestone and planted to black locust In the Appala chian and Piedmont regions, from Pennsylvania to Kentucky and Tennes see, can be counted on to yield an av erage of $10 an acre yearly at the end of from 15 to 20 years. The manufacture of Insulator plna requires large amounts of oluck locust, for which purpose It Is the most satis factory wood. Starting Black Locust In starting black locust, smalt sprouts with a portion of the root may be dug up and used; or, better, the seed may be sown In the spring In drills In good soil, like onion seed. At the end of the season the seedlings will be from two to four feet in height and satisfactory In size for setting out. This may be done In the lnte fall, but the spring season, about the time growth starts, Is preferable. In some regions the locust wood borer Is al most certain to cause extensive dam age to young plantations unless special precautions are taken to keep the trees In a healthy growing condition and the bark shaded by foliage, either from near-by trees, shrubs, or weeds. Information on this Insect nnd methods of Its control will be found In United States Department of Agriculture Bul letin 787, "Protection From the Locust Borer." Strange ns It may appear, black locust, although one of the most dur able woods when set In the ground, matures early and deteriorates In tha tree rapidly If not cut when ripe. Com mercially the tree Is usually mature In 15 to 25 years. . GOOD TOP DRESS FOR WHEAT Application of as Little as Two Tons of Manure Per Acre May Increase Yield Ten Bushels. It pays a big profit to top dress the Aheat with manure. An application of as little as two tons per acre may increase the yield ten bushels; at least It hns done this much one year with another In Indiana tests. Four tons make only about two bushels more. The manure benefits the wheat di rectly through the plantfood which It contains, and Indirectly through the winter protection, which often Is of greater value. Where mnnure Is used as a top dressing the stnnd of clover Is generally better. There Is an or ganic benefit from the manure which Is considerable and is not so easily ex plained. Where as much or more plant food Is applied in the form of com mercial fertilizers the resulting yield has not been as large. CUT STRAW IS BEST BEDDING 8COUTS TO HAVE MOTOR CORPS. The council of the Boy Scituts of America In Westchester county, New York, Is making extensive plans for the development of an efficient county boy scouts motor corps. Applications are elng received at county headquarters from older boy scouts vho have autos which can be of service for emergency calls. As soon as the corps Is efficiently organized, Its services will be at the disposal of all legitimate organizations and other feoos) causes. VTINY SCOUT IS ON THE JOB. ThV Boy Scouts of Troop No. 1 of Ellzab'thtown, Pa., Scoutmaster C. M. Heistanil. are very proud of the record of Roy T'elehler, aged 12, the smallest boy In the troop. While In camp with the troop he tore a hole In the calf of his '.eg on a nail. He iever cried and wanted to administer first aid to himself, but was transported , sever miles to a doctor. AH that he Wi.ld vas, "The w orst puln la that I cannot g J back .to camp with 1 Much of Liquid Manure, Now Wasted, Can Be Saved by Use of Ef fective Absorbents. A great deal of the liquid manure now going to waste can be saved by the use of absorbents, such as straw, sawdust, muck and loam. Uncut straw Is a very valuable absorbent, taking up two or three times its weight of water, while fine cut straw will ab sorb six or nine times Its weight of lejiuld. Moreover, oats straw contains quite a large amount of plantfood, es pecially potnh. BUYING SMALL FARM TOOLS Time and Money Can Be Saved by Making Purchase on One Order Give Systematic Car. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) If possible all small tools for the farm should be purchased on one or der. This will save time and, usually, money. Also, It will entail a total vX pendlture sufficiently large to Impress the farmer with the Importance of giving systematic care to his small tools. FEEDING HAY AND ROUGHAGE Handling and Hauling of Large Bulk May Be Saved by Giving Products ' to Live Stock. iPrepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) In the marketing of hay and rough age there Is a large bulk to handle and haul to the point of delivery. The United States department of agilcul ture points out that this means much extra labor for the men and teams on grain and crop farms, and much fer tility Is taken off which might be re turned to the fields If the products were fed to live stock. HOW WHEAT IS DISPOSED OF One-Half of Crop of 1918 Sold by Farmers in Three Months Be ginning With July. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) Wheat Is mostly marketed by farm ers soon, or, at any rate, not long, after the hariest. Of the crop of 1918, more than one-half was sold by farm ers in the three months beginning with July, nnd 69.3 -r cent In four months. Thereafter the monthly sales dwindled to 1.5 per cent of tha year's total in June, 1910. NICE INCOMES FROM POULTRY STALLION FARM VERY UNIQUE One Established by Department of Agriculture in Wyoming Is tha Only One of Its Kind. The stallion farm established by the United States department of agri culture In cn-operatlon with the Wyom ing Agricultural college at Buffalo, Wyo.. July 1, Is the only one of Its kind In this country. It Is to be known as the United States-Wyoming horse breeding station, v Raising Chickens Has Many Attrac tions for Those Who Enjoy Asso ciation Witli Fowls. Poultry raisini;, ilka raising live stock In general, has many attractions fr those who enjoy the work. Men and women often enjoy association with animals and fowls. There are women making nice incomes from poultry. ESSENTIAL FOR EGG SHELLS Limestone Grit, Oyster Shells or Ground Bone Must Be Supplied to Laying Hens. An egg shell Is composed almost en tirely of lime. ,The bone of the fowl contains considerable lime, and ' also the body tissues to a 'rrffife tlinl'ted 'i-r. tent. Oyster shells, limestone grit op ground hone are essential In the ra. ttr-.l KILL GOPHERS IN ORCHARDS Rodents Delve Deep at This Time of Year and Sometimes Nest Under Cherry Troes. j Look out for gophers and get thenj now. In well-drained orchards they delve deep and nest under the roofr crown of your best cherry-tree without giving much evidence of It
Daily Herald (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Jan. 9, 1920, edition 1
7
Click "Submit" to request a review of this page. NCDHC staff will check .
0 / 75