Newspapers / Salisbury Globe (Salisbury, N.C.) / April 3, 1890, edition 1 / Page 3
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) j C AN ALT DIGGING.' wsEsvpvra'.OV the jmtaksx-o Canal CoiilSfisWo'h t1 jtrVcient Enter prise Benefits They Have Con ferred on Countries Possi I It ies on Tliis Continent. Diggifcg canals i one of the most an cient of jiuman enterprises, although the present day has seen the most gigantic of undertaking of that line. The Suez Canal is one of the greatest achievements f the century, and the Panama scheme would have been a greater one had it suc ceeded. Its rival, the Nicaragua Canal, is likely to be completed in a very few .years, and the lreani of uniting the At lantic and Pacific Oceans near the Isthmus connecting the' North and South American continents will then be real ized. - Canals,' as a means of transportation, date back to a period long before the be ginning of the Christian era. Among the Assyrians, Egyptians-" and- Hindoos the construction .of -canals" for the pur . poses -of irrigation and communication had reached a high degree of perfection, while the Chinese tvnifv the earliest cvi- - I, . i ilciTV-ps of their civilization bv the con struction of works of this character, one of which the Impcrialor ."Great Canal" is hardly rivaled, so far as! extent is concerned, even at the present day. This wonderful engineering exploit is said to have occupied 120. years -in? its construc tion, and given employment to 30,000 men. It is about 1000 miles in length, and is supplied by a great number of streams from the flat country through which it flows-. 'Stromr dvkes! formed of alternate layers of earth and straw, and sometimes cased with stone, prevent the water from overflowing the flat country. In some parts it is carried on embankments twenty feet high; in others it traverses earth cuttings 100 feet in depth. The ancient -inhabit .nt.s of America have left undoubted evidences of knowl edge iu the construction .'of artificial waterways. The excavations on one of the Thousand Islands, south of Cape Romano, and in Florida, between the falls at the head - of the Caloosahatchcc and Lake Okeechobee, are plainly dis cernible at the present time, while in an other portion of the same State a work of like character exists, which shows con siderable skill in engineering. AIounds in close proximity to the excavations have been examined by experts, and they agree that the canal is the more iincient of the two. Some few maintain that these excavations were for defensive purposes, but the most learned scientists contend that the construction of the curious earthworks is against such a possibility. The arrange ment of an artificial -channel between parallel embankments forty feet across at the top and traversing fourteen miles of. territory, is of such character as to prc . elude the probability of its being for war like purposes. Strange as it may appear, Ihere is hardly a country under the sun where so fti n- ii ' DC - r k riTi mniin r onri it- rono c oo 1 t 1 . J 11 1 in India. Thousands and thousands of miles of territory have been adapted to the system, both for transportation and irrigation purposes, and they have been of the most undoubted benefits. - They have- chanced sections that, on tn that I i;fT7?"TO5ro desert wastps infn- l.nirla nf eminff Icrtilitv. i'articulary is this - . . . . -. . . f v . IIM f 1 I II I1 'I III If U III' I1 II I1 :i I II IM I ttntall is about nine incites a mere bagatelle' to a sub-blistered earth which . has rendered it almost uninhabitable -, but now the entire aspect is changed, and verdure extends tothe very water edge, X. while crop after crop is yielded as fat as they can be sown and reaped. Whole j districts have been chaued. The now I i thriving city of Jatobabad stands, on a 1 ldain which, nrevious to the construction ' l i . oi t lie liei'nrie i, in i was a vt'roiiveiess waste, the hottest place in 'India, and supposed to be uninhabitable. V The tihermometer climbs to 14;" in thc!shade at Jacobabad, but since the canal brought life into the deseit several thousand people have made it the place of their home. Unquestionably the greatest water way of this kind so far constructed, so far as accruing benefits to mankind is con cerned, is the well-known canal of the Isthmus of Sue. During the invasion f Kgypt Bonaparte caused the Isthmus to be surveyed by engineers, and since then the . question has been agitated at intervals. England, France and Austria took hold of the matter, and scut out a commission in 18-17. Another was sent out in 1853, but nothing practical was done until De Lcsseps made his appear- ance in J.4. ins pians were some wnai different from those before proposed. Instead of following an oblique course, and connecting with the Nile, as'the an cients had done, his plan .was' to cut a ,anal right through the Isthmus in a 1 Straight line to Suez- His plan, strenu ously opposed at first, was at length car ried out. Some idea of what has been done in the way of facilitating commerce through the medium of artificial water ways may be gained when it is stated Jhat by the Suez Canal the distance be tween London or Hamburg and Bombay, India, is shortened by 4800 miles, or twenty-four . days. From Marseilles or (Jiefioi there is a saving of thirty : days, Hnd from Trieste, thirty -seven. And if die Suez Canal has been of so much value to Europeans, of what value will the Central American systems be to the world at large? Liverpool will be almost 4(100 miles nearer to Yokohama, and m-r 7000. miles nearer San Fraucisco. ! Hamburg will be closer by 7000 miles to Acapuleo, while France will be 1500 miles nearer Tonouin. China. Uut our i own country will be most benefited. New York will save 10,000 and New Orleans 11,'lTOO miles between those ports and S;ui Francisco, the latter distance being nearly equal to half circumnavigat ing the globe. When the Suez Canal was first proposed Oe Lcsseps figured iixU v'0, 000,000 would see. the project through. This ertainly great amount of money fright ened the capitalists,' and he had a great time raising.it, as it was maintained that the income that could be derived from it would not justify the outlay. When it was found, in 1869 the year the caiial was opened that it had cost 99,000,- '00, the people were paralyzed. No one 'Jut. the .daring projector could the. scheme could nearly pay the m the money in it. Shares, w .Talue was about $100, dji :ween $40 and But fiois 14. pce " " 1 shares raised more thain fifty per cent.' above their par value. 1 In the United Stages the artificial waterway has been brought to a high standard. There are nearly or more than j 5000 miles of canals, which, are being continually added to, they to our commerce so beneficial are The most im- nortant at present is the Erie in New York State, and the famous lake or Wei land system, of the York NacH.- Northwest. Ncvo How the Roomerang is Made; This : curious and kmique weapon about which so mucfiHhas been written and so little is really known, is a curved piece of wood, slight! j convex on one side and nearly flat on the other.. It is cut from a natural bend - - i - or root of tree, the hardest and heaviest wood being al- ways selected, and itscarve followsthc- grain of the wood. Thus it will vary from a slight curve to a 'right angle; nc two ever being the same shape. It is about three-eighihs of an inch thick and from two to three inches: wide, tapering toward the ends, which arc cither round j or pointed. The edge is sharpened all j around, and the length .varies from fif- 1 teen inches to three and a half feet. This is the shape of the boomerang, but the secret of its peculiar flight is to be found not so much in its general form as in its surface. This,, on examina tion, is found to be slightly waving and broken up . by various angles. These angles balance and counter balance each other; scjme by causing differences in the pressure of air an certain parts, giving steadiness of flight and firmness;- others giving buoyancy, and "each "has generally to be. deter mined practically by experimental throw ing; Some boomerangs: appear to be mere dented" or crooked sticks; but they are really implements which some black man has whittled and scraped till these dents or angles have been properly ad justed according to the boomerang prin ciple. I believe it is possible to make a boomerang by exact mathematical calcu lation ; but yet I have never seen two exactly alike. I have made two, ap parently the same in every! particular, yet, while one rose buoyantly. the other fell dead, because of some untrue adjustment of the a.ngles on its fades. "When all angles are properly arranged the" boom erang goes through the air somewhat at a screw-propeller goes through the wate.1 whirling rapidly in its flight like a re volving wheel. ) Gravitation and the force with which it is directed cause its peculiar swallow like swoops, which are prolonged by the action of the floating angle in counteract ing gravitation ; consequently, with spent force it is still kept on the wing, and of ten reaches the ground considerably be hind the thrower. Scribnh: 1 Curious Marriages. Of the inany interesting matters that conic under the notice of the Registrar- General, there is nothing more surprising than the frequency with j which youth and age try the paths of matrimony to gether. 01.3366 brides over 50 years of age who were married last cured .a youth of 20, three year, one se- werc accom modated by men of 21; others kept their choice of. and fourteen jstriplings be- low 25. In one ofthe last named cases) the good lady was forty years olderthaq her partner. , Turning to the veterans amongst tha husbands their is even -reater disparity. mi - 'r foTiTmlii f f T, -.1 J mere w'v uv.w ...jlua, onue- r r m i j -.' twu Ml UL'I.. 1 1 1111 Ul -"ts.e u- $0U: Ttroi? ' J:mocner ono at 19,. aa& T kept under 21, Between 60 V- '' P.; years f age, 2084 ''jncn lnarricu.-. Three of them took' cirls tHiiler IS, and twenty-seveni others were content with partners who had not reached their majority. As tnauy as 4576 males, whose ages ranged Jjetwccii .0 t und 60, v.ere also brought to tlie alljar, and here again a score of wives were in their teens. A hundred were not more tihan 21, and 248 were under 25. . Among other strange matches was one between a couple of : ocjtogenarians, wliile three ladies of 4 85 akvd upward' got husbands whose ages wce 75, 65 anc 55 respectively. Taking the gentlemen of "So and upward" we find .that dnc of them secured a bride of .451: But even greater contrasts are to be keen in the venerable Adonis of 70 who feot a mate of 21, and in the -seventy-five-year-old i oy wno sc-ciireti a 19. blushin: damsel of At the other end of the scale we have a marriage between a girl ot 12 and a boy of IS, auother where the contract ing parties were Hi each, and a third where men of 21 saddled themselves with wives of 14. Two husbands of 30 took partners whose ages y -ere under while no fewer than seventy husbands of 40 found wives of from 10 to 20 years of age. Manchester (E'ngfrnid) Courier Wax AliuoK. 4 'The wax mines or ozokerit deposits ol eastern Galicia, which a syndicate . of American capitalists have leased or ur chased." said D. M. Fox, of nia, who recently returned from the fields of Aus-tro-Hungary. -"form one ol the most curious fields of industry im aginable. They are at and around Borys law, which is also the 5cntier of . the eastern oilifstrict -of that part of Aus tria. They have been for generations in the possession of people Fho have worked them in the most primitive man ner. The wax lies in beds, like clay, at depths of from 350 to 600 feet Shafts arc sunk in the beds. The sides are curbed with timbers, but in such a care less and unscientific way that they ate constantly caving in and burying work men in their dent he.- From four to six men are killed in this way every week. The owners of the mines are persistently refusing to go to the expense of! making tkeir shafts safe, and the laborers are at their mercy. i .... . j- "The Boryslaw wax field is only fifty acres iu extent, and upon thai 10,000 shafts have been sunk. Twelve thou sand men live and work on that tract. The, owners of the deposits have made immense fortunes from the projduct, as it is very valuable, bringing eight cents a pound at" the pits. Its use until with in a few years was confined solely to mak ing candles, but the mauifoldj uses to which paracrine has been adapted has grcn this Gabcian deposit a much wider utility. The ozokerit lies in veins six teen inches thick. It is dug out with rJ f - - i womb; WOMN'S PllKASA NT Ij IT 13 RAT U 1 IE FOIl FEM1NINK READERS. V TAPER PILLOVs. All England is crazy on the subject of paper pillows. You tear the paper into very small pieces, not bigger than your finger nail, and then put them into a pil low .ack of drilling or light ticking. They are very cool for hot climates and much superior to feather pillows. The newspapers are printing appeals for them for hospitals. Newspaper is not nice for me, as there is a disagreeable odor from printer's ink, but brown or white paper and old envelopes are th best. 'As you tear them stuff them into an old pillow case, and you $an see when you get enough. The easiest way is to tear or cut the paper in strips abouthalf an inch wide and then tear .or cutsaeross. The finer it is. the lighter it. makes the pil lows. New York Herald J A YOUNG LADY'S HAT. What arc women's straw hats ma"de ot? It seems a simple question, and yet it is not one that the ordinary woman can well and truly answer. The braids arc all imported, many from China. If I were to tell a young lady that the hat she wore was made of straw from the plantation of the Emperor of China, I doubt if she wouid believe me, and yet it is so. Some of this braid is called Neapolitan, and is wide and coarse. The straw of what is known as Neapolitan pearletlgc is found in Chu Foo. It grows tall, and the top is fine and the bottom coarse, one stalk thus giving two or -more kinds of braid. Venetian grows tall, and is the opposite of Neapolitan pearledge, whose base is -coarse. The top if' the Venetian is coarse, and is called mottled braid. The centre is somewhat finer, and of the stalks which are nearest the ground is made the fine ' Venetian braid. Star-Sayings. A ilOUY WRlTEIf AND HKIt rETS. A-- lady, who was at the dinner given by Mrs. James L." Fields to Amelia B. Edwards, writer and scholar, says that that famous Egyptologist is a very jolly table coaipanion, and fuU of simple, un pretentious humorous talk. She is very fond of animals, and has a great many pets, including dogs, monkeys' and parrots. Of the parrots she has a num ber, and she regards one of their idiosyn crasies as a good subject for a naturalist's investigations; they all unite in a bitter and ; voluble hatred of one particular-Egyptian relic she has a much battered bit of bas-relief of the cat headed goddess. When she presents it t the parrots they all squawk and scold in violent unison? Who knows what knowledge might be gained if only they rould voice the tradition that -makes them hate that fragment of stone. Miss Edwards has a charming gift in her lovely and very English voice, which is quite as charming in low social converse as when brought out more fully, on the platform, New York Saturday I'f. iec. . i WOMAN' S I'A HAD1SE. - . A woman with au aim can dl anything she pleases in Boston, if the, aim suf ficiently dominates her life. Sie may en ter any occupation she chooses, work in any lines she likes, and be certain $ not only of the approbation Jri individuals but of that of the commuliity in which she lives. The atmospheve of "Boston within the gates, and that lrgcr Boston without the gates, in all thettfewtons and other suburbs, is an atmosphere of free dom fop women who work. Jh the ranks of the non-workers there is aeeling of respect unci consideration for Volncri wno are in business, either beeauseV"0 must be or because they choose to bV. In every city there rc i?fnberless women engaged in self-supporting occu pations, as here, and there are 'Jb plenty of women elsewhere in business large enough to employ other women. But .there are several here doing a large busi ness in lines which are sonewhat dis tinctively local in spirit, although their 'influence' extends, with their trade as far as California and Florida and the Cana dian provinces.- JJontoi Traiscr''i t. A VEILKD LADY. A veil is a necessity to woman who cares for appearance. In the first place, it keeps, the wind and dust from the hair. Miss Ifallowcll, who spends six months of every year collecting art works from American and European studios for the Chicago exposition, is never without a veil. "If I didn'twear one," she says, "I should waste , all my time washing my face and combing ray hair. As my time is very precious, I put my hat and veil on when I get up in the morning and keep them on until night.'' There are veils and veils, of tulle, crepe, plain and dotted net, gauze, baize, knitted silk, mull and invisible tissue which oculists contend have been the ruin of American eyesWl are still productive of spectacled children.' Be this as it may, the veil-is as firmly fixed as the stars and stripes, and the consumption among women who go about a great deal averages fifty per year. The Hading veil was short-lived, for the reason that phenomenal beauty, or pronounced paint was necessary to peer through its gloom. The idea,' however, suggest ed the wire veil, the novelty of the stock,, which is nothing more than a semicircle of point d'esprit gathered on a fine wire, by means of wJiich it can be adjusted to any hat-box or bonnet frame. No pins arc needed. All one haVto do is to pinch the wire and it, stays where it is placed. Pitttburg Bulletin . SPRING MILLINERY. Indications, as foreshadowed in the 'first of the importations of millinery for the spring season, favor much use of lace straw and fancy braids. The lace straws are extremely delicate in the ma terials employed and in design, and are very leautiful. Some of them, with web of horse-hair, are wrought in foliage and blossom figures, sometimes dotted with tiny button, and finished with a spiral or twisted purl edge. There are untrimmed models in toques and capotes with the crown of plain braid, about one-third of an inch in width, so loosely woven of very finely split straw, as" to be transparent, the lace braid , described also the uprip p rra Toques and capotes are shown with very slightly curved oval crowns in melon volutes, shelving up from the back to the front, made of the lightest lace braidsy with the brims of the braid bands with purl edge ; and capotes are shown of lace braid gathered in a bunth at the base of the crown and stretched out to form the head-piece, somewhat after the idea of a scaliop-shcll. Hats of the lace braids are also one of the leading features of the coming mode. Theh orse-hair Neapolitan braids have had an unusual revival, and Milan braids will unquestionably -reassert their claim to utility for headdresses for the warmer seasons, and will again have standard im portance. The key-note to the shapes in the spring hats was struck in the shapes' of those that came out in the autumn. The principal variation in the large hats finds form in low crowns, and brims widening from the back to broad and projecting in front. In some models the brim is very close and narrow at the base of the -crown at the back, and in some showing several rows of braid in width. In some models the brim is distinctly flat; in some it droops a little all around, and in many it has a standing' band, or a re versed band all around. Suspicion ol the capricious is noticeable now and then in exceptional shapes, but there is less freakishness in the new hats than we have seen for several years in the general effect. Toqiles will probably hold their own as a compromise in the head dress be tween the hat and the bonnet, and it is possible that turbans will have a con tinued lease of life. In the collections of millinery, however, from which we drew our advices for the coming season, toques and turbans were not as distinc tive as we had expected they might be from their popularity at the present time. Millinery Trade Iieciew. FASHION NOTES. English ladies wear plain gauze veils in blue or brightared when yachting. A novelty in rings consists of a plain band of silver set with five conch shells. The perfecti n of elegance in thimbles ' is reached in ah article of plain gold with diamonds set irregularly upon its sur lacc. Brocades are generally chosen by, ma trons for evening toilets. The designs are of a set character, similar to those in vogue during the first empire. Gowns of black lace over deep yellow silk a very fashionable combination are frequently elaborated by stylish cor sage decorations of gold galloon. The ribbons used for trimming India silks are two and a half inches wide, and often match the color of the design ol the silk rather than the ground color. There is a furore in Paris and London just now for orange, gold and copper garnitures. Passementerie bands in these colors are used in every conceiyable way. Genuine tartan colors arc seen in the newest Scotch plaid ginghams, especially the gay Stuart plaids and the dark blue and green plaids so much favored in woolen goods. Other India silks have fine pea dots all over them, and are then strewn with flow ers. Sometimes the flowers are massed near the selvage, forming a border which is used as trimming. Owing to the light quality of India silk a slight drapery is necessary iji the skirt. The silk foundation skirfJfas a short reed in the bafk, and is more" trimmed at the foot than last year. s Chantilly insertions, headings, black or white lilacs, ribbons of satin, gros grain and velvet and ecru embroideries in open patterns figure as trimmings upon gowns of India silk now being prepared for next .season. . The India silks with black figures on light grounds, blue, pink, green or cream, introduced last summer, are again shown, and will be made up with, trimmings of black lace or mousseline de sole, with black ribbons. Effective ginghams have half inch stripes of three colors. Among the fa vorite combinations we note green, bid i rose and cream, gray, brown and green, -lavender, violet and brown, and pale i blue, dark grav and clear white, j The latest thing in gloves is designed to meet the requirements of many ladies who have the habit of carrying money in the glove. It has a palm pocket attach ment, which will hold a considerable amount of small change" or a small roll of bills. Jeweled gloves are a fancy of the hour,. The kid, of course, is of the finest quality., and in place of the usual em broidery or stiching on the back arc three rows of diamonds, set singly in gold. The gems are so set as to be easily transferred from one pair of gloves to another. The handsomest India silks have black grounds and are striped with satin. The stripes are of irregular widths, and be tween them on the black ground are scat tered gay-colored blossoms, single flow ers with long stems, buttercups, violets, carnations, blue cornflowers or large sprays of acacia, almond blossoms or wistaria. A pretty and girlish arrangement for curly hair is to part it in a line with the back of each ear, straight from the neck to the crown, leaving the back hair un- confined and waved, with the ends curled, j The sides are then drawn up to the top of i the head at the extreme back of the crown, and the ends curled and hung ! over the back hair. A hat which is particularly effective when worn by a tall, stylish woman is known as the Charles II. It has a pro jecting brim, and is worn well down on the forehead, shading the eyes admirably. The brim is turned up at the back and on both sides, but one side is deeper than the other, and turned up more closely against the crown. The newest thing in furs is a tight fitting bodice of seal, Persiana, astrachan or krimmer, with a short, close frill. Such a garment may be worn with any kind of skirt, and without a wrap, no matter how cold the weather may be. The sleeves are of the skirt material or of velvet, lined with chamois, and finished with deep cuff?, of the fur. 2236 miles ph lines, ops for dians ; the Vsell ner tnow Vnh AGRICULTURAL. TOPICS OP INTEREST RELATIVE TO FARM AND GARDEN., PASTURING RYE IX WINTER. Rye may profitably be pasturedby sheep in some of the Southern States, but in the North, where cold withers its leaves, they are not worth enough to offset the poaching of the ground that is sure to occur in midday even in cold weather. If, however, the rye is getting too large a growth pasturing with sheep or calves is necessary. Jf there is any danger of its getting into joint it becomes tender, and a slight amount of cold destroys the crop, as it would of the most tender vegeta ble. APPLE WOOD FOU FUEL. In most oid orchards there are some trees fhat have become stunted, and ex cept with extraordinary attention will never pay their way. The better plan is to dig them out root and branch and use them for fuel. The extra care concen trated on the remaining trees will bring far larger returns. Most orchards are planted much too closely for the best re sults. Where the tree was dug out fill in with rich dirt from the roadside, and the trees on all corners from the old one will show in their increased products how much they appreciate the wider range given their roots. Apple tree wood makes excellent summer fuel, and is es pecially rich in potash. FLOWER POTS. It may be well to remember that there are other uses for old fruit-cans than feeding them to goats or filling gutters ; they are just the things for home plants of many sorts. They will retain moisture much longer than an earthen pot of the same diameter on top, thty hold more soil, consequently a larger plant can be grown in the same sized pot. We have seen all manner of house plants, including hyacinths, in the windows of ordinary farm-houses, growing in tomato cans, that would put to shame many of our florists1 productions, and mainly because the plants were in better quarters than in porous earthen pots. Try tin cans, after pounding holes in the bottom for drain age, painting them nicely, not red but some, neutral tint that will not detract from foliage or flower and mark the re sult. 2sem York Obsereer. ONION CULTURE. Twelve years' experience in onions, and no trouble from maggots and worms. I have sown and raised on the same piece . for six years, and the crop grew better every year. When the time comes, to sow onion seed in the spring, generally about the last of April, as early as the ground will work, I spread on thickly rotten manure, plow it under, and then rake the' ground off and mark it out in drills fif teen inches apart. I next sow uhleached wood ashes in the drills at the rate of forty bushels per acrer I then sow the black seed on the ashes and cover with earth. . They will come up black and keep so. I have no trouble from worms and maggots. Un leached wood ashes and onions are great friends. "Use them freely" is my mot to, and I have never failed of raising a good crop of onions. American. Culti vator. 'HE USE OF FERTILIZERS, A fartner a few days aio made a good suggestion about the proper use of fer tilizers, and aS he is a successful planter it is worth giving for the benefit of others. "I find," said the farmer, "that a great deal of money is wasted by a too lavish use of fertilizers when the crop is planted. If you want to fatten a pig you do not give him all the food at once, simply, because it will be wasted and de stroyed before it can be eaten -up by the pig. So it is with food for the plant. Put on part of your fertilizer when you plant your crop, then every time you work it add a little more. If a drouth comes, "and you find it will not be needed, you save that much. It frequently hap pens that a crop is injured more than it is benefited by the improper use of fer tilizers. Then again by putting the fer tilizer on later in the season you get more benefits when the crop is maturing and fruiting," Apparently there is good sense in the suggestion. Atlanta Comti '.vtion. DISEASE IN FOWLS. 'When fowls become stupid and sleepy ; with the feathers bunched up and the excrement is yellow and green in color, the disease is anthrax, or, as it is com monly called, cholera. It is a disorder of the liver and contagious. It usually happens when fowls arc kept in damp and filthy hbuses and arc overfed, as these faults quickly produce such au un healthy condition as to make the birds susceptible to the contagion. It is scarcely worth while to attempt a cure. The sick fowls should be killed without bleeding and buried away from the house and the house thoroughly disinfected by burning sulphur on hot coals in it with the doors closed. It should be well cleaned and kept cleaned. Feed the re maining fowls with scalded meal, dis solving for each twelve fowls one dram of hyposulphite of soda in the water used. Continue this for a week and feed no more than one ounce of meal for each fowl daily. After the week feed wheat and buckwheat, chopped cabbage and' some broken bones. A little salt and pepper should always be given in the feed of hens two or three times a week, and some vegetable food should be supplied. Chopped cabbage is the best food of this kind. New York World. TO SAVE GRAIN IN BINS. Every year a good deal of grain is spoiled by molding or becoming musty after being threshed. This year, unless threshing is delayed until very late, the losses from this cause are likely to be unusually heavy, owing to the wet veather of harvest time and the bad con dition in which much grain was got under cover. We heard a few days ago a prac tical farmer describe a method by which he put up grain, however wet and inany unount, without injury. He kept a lot of common brick under cover so as to be always dry, and when the grain was put into the bin he interspersed brick through the heap enough to a'bsorb the super iuous dampness. Almost every one knows that kiln dried brick will absorb a great amount of water in proportion of their size. The brick in a heap of damp or even wet grain .will, if numerous enough, dry it outr saving all danger of heating. After serving their purpose the brick should be carefully put one side forr pse another year. Our informant's father had used the same pile of brick many years, and however dry the grain, he usually threw a few brick: in the bin to insure greater safety. It is possible that this would prove a good method in dry ing out corn or- to keep hay or grain in stacks from beiDg " spoiled by heating through. KEEP YOUNG STOCK GROWING. If properly fed and kept warm iu win ter, young animals gain more from the same feed than they will at any latei period of their existence., The necessity for good feeding must therefore be appar ent. For the young stock, if not fed or cared for as 'it should be, becomes stunted, -and under this condition there is scarcely anything more vexatious and dis heartening. The cause of stunted growth is usually impaired digestion, though this is followed by, and often confonnded with, attacks of scurvy in pigs, lice' in calves or colts or ticks on lambs, all of which are serious evils. They generally proceed from the one source of insuffi cient nutrition. We use this word pu trition rather than, feeding advisedly. There may be enough or too much fed, and there may even be enough eaten, but it does not digest. It is only the food that digests which does an animal any good. Where digestion is ruined easily the ani mal never recovers to what it might have been. Starving and surfeiting are equally injurious. It is just these ex tremes that the careful farmer avoids - as belonging to the wild state. No wild animal produces as mUch gain in flesh as one under intelligent and painstaking human care. The wild animal gets its food as best it may, and in latitudes where cold winters prevail it is reason ably sure to become pinched and stunted the first winter. It is quite likely that, if the buffalo is domesticated and given food and shelter winters, it will attain larger size than the buffalo that formerly ran wild over our western plains. Aincri can Cultivator. GRAFTING THE CHESTNUT. In some old works on horticultural operations the grafting of the chestnut is referred to as a rather difficult and un certain operation, aqd this may have de terred many otherwise good propagators of trees from attempting it. But any one who can successfully graft ihc appk and pear need not hesitate to graft the chestnut, thereby saving several years iu procuring a crop of these excellent nuts. The cions should, of course, be taken from bearing trees if possible, and only the young healthy shoots used, and these taken from the terminal points of large, vigorous branches. . After the cion is set, cover every part of the exposed wood on both stock and cion with wax, using plenty of it, inclosing all with waxed paper or thin cloth, to prevent admission of air or water when the stock begins to swell with growth in spring. 1 much preter splice grafting upon small stocks on branches of larger trees, to the ordinary cleft -grating, but have good results from both. It is not at all rare to see the cion set in spring blooming at the usual time the first season, and bearing a few nuts th second, and more the third. By having a few seedling chestnut trees growing in the orchard and garden we can always avail ourselves of the opportunity for ob taining cions of choice varieties found in the forest, or in the grounds of friends and ntSghbors. The same is true in re gard tj fruit and ornamental treei, and a man iandy wh the budding-knffe can always obtain of nis friends choice and rare rieties without cost, if he is known as a liberal man ever ready to return such favors. New York Tribune. CARE OF HOU E PLANTS. At this season of the year window plants require considerable attention tc maintain a healthy condition. Care has tp be taken in watering so that too much be not given and a saturated condition of the soil result. Do not allow water tc remain in the saucers in which the flowei pots are standing, a3 it causes the soil, to get jtop wet, and no plant wifl remain long llealthy in such a condition. Sth the surface of the soil in the pots, and occasionally wash the leaves by spraying when they are smooth and large, and by syringing when they are small and covered with hair. Also keep the pots clean. It is just as necessary to keep the breathing pores of the leaves in good working condition as it is -to keep the skin of the human body free from dirt. Pick off all decayed leaves and keep the plants free from insects. Green fly, tha$ inveterate enemy of all window plants, should have at all time close attention. Syringipg will keep them off when they first make their appearances if regularly attended ; to but should they get on in large I numbers the oa'ly method; of destruction is tobacco smoke, which can be applied by placing the plants under a barrel or box and fill ing with smoke; or, if the barrel or box is perfectly tight, fill with smoke first, then place the plants under by quickly turning the plants on one side, as enough smoke will remain to destroy the insects. Bulbs of hyacinths, tulips, etc., which have filled their pots well with roots can be brought into light and heat, when they will soon expand their flowers. When watering newly expanded flowers of any kind, do not allow any moisture to remain long on the blooms, asit causes premature decay. Those who were for tunate enough to secure a lew bulbs of fuschias, and have them now comiaginto bloom, will at once be convinced that this is one of the sweetest of recently in troduced bulbs. They are so easily man aged and bloom so finely that they have already become general favorites among all lovers of flowers wherever introduced . During their flowering period give plenty of water, but as soon as the foliage be gins tO' ripen gradually withhold water, and finally allow them to dry off alto gether until next August, when they can again be started into growth. Okie Farmer. ... Rest as a Cure for Lockjaw.' Professor Renzi, of Naples, has re ported cures of tetanus bv securimr ab solute" rest for the patient that is, rest for the senses as well as for the body. The patient's ears are closed with wax, hia room is dark, and the floor is heavily carpeted. His nurse attends him with a shaded lantern; he i3 served food that requires no mastication ; and sedatives are-given to relieve pain. It is not pre tended that this treatment shortens the period of the disease, but that it lessens the force of the paroxysms, which event ually cease. - The last census in New Zealand reveals the fact of a profession of religion on the part of no less than ninety-five per cent, of the whole population. : HOUSEHOLD JIATTERS. A CHEAP SOFA RUG. To make a sofa rug which costs notli ing but the work, collect all the soft woolen rai?s of all colors, and as much . c . . u turkey-red and waste twine as you cau find about the house; cut the rags a lit tle finer than carpet rags; saw two yard sticks apart lengthwise, to make four yard-sticks ; have ready a piece of old bed-ticking one yard wide and two amj one-quarter yards long, with the stripe running across to guide the work. Now take three strips of different colored rag3, and wind each stick full; as fast as one rag is used up lap in another of different color. When you have reached the end, thread a button-needle with twine and sew the rags in long stitches along the edge of the stick. Place the stick, with this sewed edge down, on the first stripe at the edge of ticking, and sew the tickiDg to. the rags on the stick the two sewings being on the same edge of the stick. Place the second stick next the first, the third next the second, the fourth next the third, etc., sewing the ticking firmly to the sewed edge of each Ftick. Next, place th work on the table, Hnd with a sharp knife cut the rags along the unscwed edge of 'the first three sticks, leaving the fourth for a guide. lie-cover th three sticks with rags, as before, and re peat until the ticking is filled. This will give you a beautiful soft rug, like tufted work, with the colors beautifully blended.- Kami, Kield and Stockman. TEACUP TOWELS AND DISHCLOTHS. It is difficult to aunouuee the amount of evil that may be visited on a family through means of unclean dishcloth?. Typhoid fever and kindred diseases biv been traced direotly to the unwashed rags which play the part of dishcloths in the kitchens of some intelligent women who do not visit their kitchens. If ser vants are provided with neatly hemmcil dishcloths and teacup towels marked with the housekeeper's name they wilt be more likely to treat the kitchen towel with the respect' it deserves thau if un hemmed rags arc given them , for thi purpose made of any old soft material. It is very difficult to get servantato treat anything respectably that does not look respectable. : Every kitchen girl shoulrf be riven at least two dishcloths and of kitchen towels antt sufficient number glass towels, and be told distinctly that they must be washed out every day, and dried, when possible, outdoors. At-ibV" end of the week the first supply of toweW X should be put in the family wash and washed and ironed and sent to the lincc closet till the next week. By such ' method as this, keeping two sets of kitchen towels in - use in rotation, the housekeeper can see at a glance whethei they are kept in order. It does not cost over $1.50 a year to keep the kitchen ia a small family supplied with hemmed : towels and dishclotKs. Tim pettj amount saved by using cast-off flannel and other old pieces for this purpose it ' more than counter-balanced by time lost , in making up these pieces, which hardly give a week's : serviceable wear; The very .best material for a dishcloth i linen stair crash. Four good dishcloth of linen crash will just cost six cent each, and will last a year, if they are noK used to scour knives and to wash the bottoms of iron pots. A -largccork i the best, thing to scouXTA ogr," with, and a dishcloth should haug in every kitchen to wash the bot toms of kettles that may be sooty frova. being used next to the fire. Some ser vants will insist on plunging these to wel into the dishwater and in using fine glass towels for wiping coarse dishe.', butsucu careless ways will usually be abandoned if a little judicious oversight is kept of the kitchen. Whcrc the housekeeper doe. her own work it is as necessary to have- neat, strong towels in plentiful supply m the kitchen as where a servant is kept Large towels of heavy crash for handling articles above the stove are very con-' venient, and can be more easily w&'ihcd than ' a holder. iTiey arc, moreover, more convenient than a holder in hftin large baking-panS and many other dishes-, and pots and pans.Jvc York Trihnr.t. REC'I PES. Beef Loaf- To one pound of beet (from the round), chopped fine, add one- egg, one-third of "& cup of fine breaa crumbs, salt and pepper. Slake into a loaf, with a little flour on outside, and roast with frequent basting. When served garnish with parsley leave?. Mint Sauce To be eaten with roast mutton or lamb. Take the ybungest leaves of the spearmint, cut away all the stems,' chop very fine, put a teaspoonful of sugar to two or three of the mint, and use sufficient vinegaf to be thoroughly flavored by the mint. . Make at least au hour before it is to be used. Pea Soup Pick over one pint of split... peas, wash and soak over night. In the morning turn off the water and put theirt . in the soup pot; add four quarts of cold water, quarter pound of lean 6alt pork,, one small onion, celery, salt and a litthv pepper.. Boil gently four or five hour?, being careful that it does not burn . Boiled Onions Two dozen 03iour salt, . pepper, butter and milk. Peel, washf and boil in salted water until tender; ten minutes before the water ir drained off, add one-half teacup of m'ilk. which will .give the onions a clear, creamy -appearance. Drain; season with pepper salt, butter and odc small cupful of cream, or milk. Plain Rice Pudding Scald two table spoonfuls of rice to remove the earthy taste. Add one quart of milk, a little salt, half a tcacupful of white sugar, one teaspoonful vanilla, a small piece of butter cut in bits and scattered on top. Bake in a slow oven two hours. Half an hour before it is done pour over it half a teacupful of cold milk; this will make it creamy. The Formation of Coal. - Experts on the subject of coal forma tion declare that it takes an immense amount of vegetable matter to form a layer of coal, it being estimated that the present growth of the world would make a layer less than one-eight of an inch in thickness, and that it-would take a mil lion years of vegetabla growth to form a coal bed ten feet in thickness. , - The tJnited States has an area of more than 440,000 square miles of coal fields, and more than 100,000 tons of coal were mined in this country last year ; enough fo run a ring around .the6 earth at the centre five and one-half feet wide and fire and oae-balf feet thick. Competent scientists gay that there is enough coal in the United States to supply the world for the &ext 2000 years.
Salisbury Globe (Salisbury, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 3, 1890, edition 1
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