Newspapers / The Weekly Star (Wilmington, … / Feb. 4, 1870, edition 1 / Page 2
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.,.!nAu.,B;..wtij;i...Mi.!i,,,...j.MA.) ,. i. ! iu 11 j J,n.,a...i.M .a.j. .... n,.'":.L--.. ... ;' !j 'A- :f ArlIE-';MII - ' For tlie Carolina Farmer. r LargefYieius ot lirapes. V WHtTETtLB,. K. C. Dec. 271869. JftMri Editors: A few years 'ago Mr. Carver M&tsby! sold to flrT-J Smith,' 0 ver 'eighty (&0) bushels 4offcuppernohg grafts' the production' of.onef)lff vine. ,By sonic oversight this is' paid lo have oc curred in Lonisiana..Tou are probably acquainted with both of the gentlemen as citizenWp jtbis (Columbus) County, and can loctelthe fact;, more correctly than the Lolusiana papeiyMr. Maltsby, hav ing alage:filynfl''iiunierou3 .visitors (all ot'whdm hati'tree access to his arbor) thinks thViieid that year ' over one hun- dredbushfMs:;;;' i - s , -uiif . -. c. .CJVVcn.. . Patentiit&a 1 arrdMherTIUs.lMscoveredfvfiy R, - "" D'HeurelTse in Callfsrnia. TMessTs'r'Mi&rT:. KmonKbTTnn- cient times uttered tbisi saying " There isCl . I . wl i-K : nnnv Clin " T T fl 1 llO lived in tlielOth Century he would prob af ljT hate) Ranged his opinion. " Some thi ng -new-: stares -at- us -in- almost every journal off Art, Science ot Mechanism. these discoverieTis that mentioned at the head of this article. It is applicable to wine, cider, lAaKlfqrrorsf Tdistilling, pre serving," tanning and the ' manufacture of "feiisf ar' aad! sytttlfroni Vorguml' ' imphee .9,qdk other capes; : It may! alsp be: used ad ivantaigetously jin j! purifying; cotton ? seed 'and: '6ther,i Qi!s art'd fats." 'and for 'many .other jpurpgsesf..Tliel;adyantages of air triqatm$nfc for f f r mentation, (germination and J curing are manifold,' extending over numerous brandies !of manufactures, and need only be pointed put to become ob .vioas to every expert in those pursuit s. Thprqcessnaccelerates' and improves all fermentation and,, greatly. .improves the product. It ripens - wine, cider, ale, pointer and lager beer in a3 many months as it for merly took y6ars. Applied to the fermen tation and germination of malt grain, it insures to distillers and brewers a much superior product, with a saving of from 10 to. 15 per cent of grain, and also a saving an timeroom ana apparatus, rue use 01 this process in" baking saves labor, yeast bread is, obtained. ; Jt; removes -fusil oil and all impurities from spirituous liquors and improves their 'value in a few hours 50. per cent, communicating the character istics of ;- age and mildness. The air method is now finding general adoption in this country and in Europe, and is rev olutionizing those industrial pursuits to which it is applicable. We cannot afford to trust to chance in pursuits where a de ' gree of certainty is attainable. We want to know how to obviate spoiling, souring, &c, and to accomplish what we intend in a safe, speedy and economical manner. Air treatment accomplishes this. The object and effect of air treatment in its application to fluids is a direct oxydizing action on,- the nitrogenous albumcnous parts, by rendering them insoluble, and to eliminate them in an oxydized state, white an innocuous condition Qf the ni trogenous parts in solids is the desired and accomplished object of our treatment. These desirable results are obtained by no other chemicals than Air the mother of all "organism. The patented process ! is for the mode of passing air, 01 other gasses through the substances to be fermented, germinated ot ' cured from below, and is accomplished by means of an air force; pump connected by a rubber hook coupled by a screw to. a perforated metal pipe laid on the bottom of cask or tank. The pro cess is not expensive. . ', I propose Mr. Editor, in future, numbers to take tip some of the most important industrial pursuits, and elucidate the practical; applications of air treatment to theWf . : . ' . V , V Any information on the subject may be obtained by 'addressing the undersigned. A.'C. Cook.5 ' CoTington, Ga. ; - i-"" : '- -,. ' .' : Pulpit eloquence in the Quaker district in i'mladelphia, ia considerd to be "dead silence: aggravated . by an occasional groan." - " V The pu bHsh'er of an Idaho newspaTCr. , gItcs notice that all . libel suits shouldbe iount to a hill of beans." , . " .;ik n r r- " -y . - i- 4 . '.; .1 . - -V... . .. Clover., UThis'new Clover is attracting much at tention at the North and Reserves a- more endraftest of its value md the Middle State?., . We suspect, however," that "it is chiefly adapted ' to mountain regidns'and sections not subject to long summers; We find the following intelligent .article : on '.the subject. in the' Country Gentleman: :: Editors Country Gentleman: . I notice that you are receiving numer ous inquiries concerning the Alsike clqw, and will give my experience on raising'this most valual le plaot."' ; It . i s ; but a few years since'tlie weed was imported " from: Sweden, but it hasbeeiit;cultiyatedherfiin fh'e. native pastures for "many years. The rioti8f fitu'bus, and' the heads globular, witkNflen-c6lored' -flowers. - . The . plant Xe'ars a greater resemblance -?to the"; cam- man vWnue,;Ciov.ex. inaii ujk"vuo yields' Ibbwingsatinu'allyrif cut ex press.lyfowhaiia -full blonrhich. in this TuTudS'iS' generally the hist of "Jn-rrp nr-thprfiTst nf -i! nlvr"-"Rn fc iftmtH1, or eedOt .should stand about, two. weeks I "latef,xh eniaffbrdihg abu nxiance .or superiT or pasturage for all kinds seed is cut" from the first of. stock. The crop. The Al sike f henf to .eecT Aaitj stanrd leaves yet greenwh en the seeds arenpe, anoTproduces mticrigtt"hayTlhanihe red clover when tut lor that purpose. The weight of seed required. to be sown is, according to circumstances, from three to four pounds per s acre; the" seed being much smaller J and branches more, a less quantity is required than.of, the red clo- ' - irrii ... . '. ' :.VI.' -e A ' . ' .1 ' Ml v?r. luree .pouuus oi xvisiKe seeu win seed' as much', land .as ten pounds of red clover. I sowed last ' spring three and a naii.pounas per acre, ana it lstnicKer tnan necessary, The seed is sown at the usual time of sowing common or red clover on wheat, oats, or barley! : ' It J ' generally yields i'troin 'three to eight bushels .of seed per acre ' The heads are formed with pods like the common white clover, Avith sev eral seeds' in 'eph pod.; I have tried the Alsike by the side of red clover, the seed sown 'at the same time and in the same field, arid find that horses, cattle and sheep, will not graze on the red clover so long as'they can get a good bite on "the Alsike. My ' opinion ;s no other; 1 clover is equal 1 to it for' the1 purpose of feed ing cattle, sheep,' and horses, arid even as a lertilizer.s . The red 1 clover wilV only last from two to three years . 111 pertcction, and loften, it the soil be cold arid moist, nearly half pf, the plants will rot, and the first or second'year bald places1 will be found in many parts of the field; . besides,-'in Sep tember or October, many crops left for seed are lps in consequence of heavy rains during that peribd, while the Alsike clo ver ripens its seed much sooner and con tinues in vigor much.- Therefore much risk and expense are avoided profits accordingly accrue. and large Farther, when this plant is once estab lished, it will remain for many years in full vigor, arid produce annually a greater quantity of herbage of excellent quailty. It does not. suffer from the severest frosts or drought, as the red clover does. It will flourish on low cold, clay land, and on marshes that are drained sufficiently for growing timothy or redtop. It is as free from fuzz or dust as timothy', and it will not produce cough or heaves. It will grOw from one and a half to three tons of superior hay per acre, according to season I think I never saw a greater growth of red clover than I raised this season of the Alsike. Growing from three to five feet in length,' it has many more branches, leaves, and blossoms, growing from the main stalk than red clover. Therefore the hay is much finer, and far superior in quality. In fact it is of the same nature as the common white clover, which all farmers understand, except growing to much larger size. All farmers know, who have had experience, that common white clover pasture is far superior to any red clover. Therefore, if it grew large enough to mow, it. would make much better hay than red clover. The Alsike clover blos soms furnish an abundance of honey for bees. They can work on them as well as on the common white clover, and gather honey much faster. E. T. B. Marengo, Calhoun County, Mich. Keep Sheep. The great majority of farms in this country are suitable for breeding, and feed ing sheep. There is no other variety of stock on which so large a profit can be made in so short a time, with so small a capital. ' , ;".;" ' ' ' ' "' - Now, that reads ' wells don't it ? Small capital, large profits and quick return. What better business does : any farmer want 7 ' : One . hundred dollars will buy twenty-four ewes and one ram at four dol lars cacb With" due care the twenty four ewes will produce thirty lambs', -which if properly cared for, will sell to the butcher for four,' dollars '; eachj arid the fleeces of the old 'ones will be 1 worth three and a half dollars ' each. ITow let us sum up. - r. . , 30 Lambs at $4; each. v, 4 $120. , . 25 Fleeces $3.50 u, ,87.50 . J ' - --' 1 .:'-7v- I-' ' 297-50 -'.- AUowing the old stock, to be :. worth, at the end of the year, flrst cost, wUl rleave an advance of two hundred and seven dol lars and fifty: cents on a capital of one hundred dollars. These fismres mav not . .. v . ... . w -t-r Inumbjer pf &ogs ; and that is taxing their wtild be kept, and they'should be jeitfict ed to the owner's premises, unless accom panied by spme member of the - family. Any familylwho Jias luse for a; dog,: and owns a good onewould jpay fiveCdollars a year tax for ihifa'.tArjaw to thi$ ."effect "would thin - out the worthless curs very fa&? i-;c: If. the pCOple int an v J considerable numj bet VoulA.etitioh .their. Legislatut'e for such a law, it wouia ue grantea. ijgi us see which .will tie- the-premi u m-Stat e-b v Irpcuring tfje passage 4 sncn a avv. it """"r""?. a rZz alJ Such a law wronld be, a great olessing to( many a poor family who now keep one, two t or three worMiJes 4pgs eadng tthe ibclfromHhe eil'dreiT, land anui?ance to tliei neighbors .y jThere , is something very interesting and pleasant in attending to a; flock of sheep wten it is well attended to arid kept in gdod pondition. To see a. flock, of sheep grazing on the hill side, . or on. the mead ow bank with the lambs skipping, play ing i and chasing , each other like school children, is not only a beautiful but a hu manizing sight. American, Stock Journal. ' : - . 7 . How Three .Bales of Cotton were made ! ..!.. on one Acre of Land. , ? .Colonel B. G. Lockett communicates to ColpneT Styles the , Mlany ''Neics .the modus operandi employed, by -him .in pro- duclng the ; enormous 'yield of 27,200, pounds of seed cotton from six acres of land. : !; ;; - - ':: '' I5elow we give Colonel Lockett's letter inlfull with the accompanying certificate: ; ' t " !,, . Albany, Ga. DecV 20, 18G9. : Colonel C. W. Styles bear ; Sir : I bad j prepared and planted six . acres of larid; in cotton ? this .year, the result, of which (twenty-seven7thousands two hun dred arid six pounds of-seed cotton), was intended for the Georgia State Fair. : The premium having been awarded Joi dan & Lockett for the greatest yield on two acres, I am . receiving many letters asking l information as to the mode of preparation and cultivation ot land, I hope therefore, you will have the kind nelss to pnbbsli , the following statement for the benejfit of all wishing to know : , . The land was first brokenwith the Watt &i Knigjjt A. B. plow, thieiarge mould board! attached, breaking- theland about six inches deep this watfthme the latter part of January. .The -( land remained in this condition until ready to be planted, which was done on the 24th of April. The rows were laid off five feet apart with a4 ordinary scooter plow, following in each furrow with a double wing shovel sixteen inches long and eleven inches wide," drawn by two mules. . In this fur row was distributed about one hundred and fifty : bushels ot well rotted horse lot manure, and three hundred pounds of "John Merrymari & Co.'s ammoniated dis solved bones," per acre This was then covered with the Watt & Knight A. B. plow, small mould board attached, follow ing in each furrow with a sub-soil plow breaking in all about fifteen inches deep. As soon as the preparation was completed the seed was planted, putting one bushel per acre, with the Dow Law planter. As soon as the cotton was large enough, itj was plowed with the sweep, cutting twenty four inches wide, and one-half inch deep, and was at once chopped to a stknd using No. 2? shovel hoe, leaving one arid two, and sometimes three stalks the width of the hoe and as near as we could, and ten thousand stalks per each acre. The cotton- was hoed twice and plowed seven times, using each time the twenty-four inch sweep and never cutting oyer one-half inchr deep. It! was cultiva ted with twenty-one furrows, but equally as good work could have been done with fifteen furrows by using a sweep a few inches widc. ' :'- ':;7 "v,';'-;: -:; )l iam also asked my opioiori 'relative to the nuriiber of stalks that should be left on the acre to make the greatest yields There is great " diversity ot. opinion upon this " subject. ' My experience has been that " much - depends ; upon . the -variety of cotton seed " planted. Those plant ing that Variety of ' cotton which grows largely with long limbs, will never make a large yield by leaving eight or ten thousand stalks on an acre, white the prolific or short limb cotton will do bet ter with this number than less. ' 1 I have endeavored to answer intelligibly aud concisely all thq questions asked, and hope the statement riaay be of benefit to those asking the information. - Below"I: hand : you the evidence of the yield, ' furnished the Committee ; at the State Fair.- t 3. Most respectfully 1 yorirs . . ;"B'G. Lockett, The land was first bushed with the Watt suit eveiy locality. ..TThey are toe- iow. fbr some and may be too.;higli for 'pthebj but, on.:an average ,very near ixe -truth: ': ; But the cry is against dogs. We admit that-' this vis ! a serious- evil ; .btit'its.one. that may be overcome at little expense. Tlje remedy is this, buy a bell and strap for every sheep. Thesy- bells will last many years and still be worth half cost.: ? There is no dog that would chase a flock ofj twenty-five sheep if each one.had a bell on ; the noise would be to alarming he could not v stand it.. , A sheep dog is a great coward when at that business, he wants .to do it slyly .: and quietly,' and cpuld riot 'bear an valaxm of, twenty-five bell?. ,A ".r , . - -; - Wp ''pf Nnnf: v riYifl".' war s nF : lpQspni r cr t.hp. & knight I A.B -plow,' the large mould and boardV attached,- breaking about six inches deep. - A few days before planting, the rows were laid'off with- the ordinary scooter plow, five, feet; wide, followed. by a double wing shovel plow srixteen inches long by eleven inches wide, drawn by two mules. In this furrow was put. about one hundred and fifty bushels horse, lot man ure,V and three hundred pounds John Merryman & Go's " ammoniated dissolved bones,?' per acre. v We bedded upon this with the' Watt & Knight " A. B" plow-, small mould- attached, ; following in each furrow with a subsoil plow, breaking in all about fifteen inches deep., . On the 24th day of April it was planted. :The seed planted is inown as the "Hunt Variety .TyThis cotton was plowed seven times with: the. sweeps cutting twenty-four inches wide 'arid "one-half, inch deep, and hoed twice after chopping, We left upon each acre as near as possible ten thousand, stalks. ' ' ' v -v AlbnyVGai Nov.i3;;1869.J" 'We .Ureky certjfybat' wd weighed the cotton pifiked from he fbresromg "area of. land --(six ' and eightyi-eight J t housandttis acres), and we found the total -amount gathered to be twenty-seven thousand two hundred ana six pounas seca cotton, one-third of which r say nine thousand and rsixtv-eigHt'- ftwlfwo-thiras - pOtmdswe- weigiiea ' -r and had- ginned and - packed, showing a result of twenty-eight hundred average ot fourteen hundred and twenty andwohlrcTs pouncls per acre. . -m;;;:- ''''-" w.i'-v ''JoHf-WALtEN4, V"1-- i?; f '-'-''C H.' CAkiFiELr,'f v -ir 'irr;o1tVi- Y. G. RusT,1 5 i; : I : hereby ; certify that L have carefully surveyed a parcel of land. pointed, put to me by Capt. J. W. Allen,- on tijat ; from which he. has this year gathered 27,206 pounds seed cotton, and that; I find tlie area of said parcel of land, to be six, and eia;hty:eigbt'thousaridths acres. ; : ' ".'. , : " '.4 r i.V. .' '.' V;'.'.' ' Tnos. a,:e.'Eyans; '". ' Civil Engineer and Surveyor. Farmer's Club of the American: institute. EXTRACT FROM' RECENT REPORT OF PRO- CEEDTXGS. . Converting Dwarfs into Standards. J. A. Newton," Brownville' Irid. asks if dwarf pear trees can be 2 converted '.'into standards by ; planting' deep, anu haling about the stem; . Mr. Fuller replied that any .dwarf can be made a standard, after it gets into bearing, at will- by cutting notches in the pear .wood above the quince. ! These notches ' should be cut at equal distances all about the tree in order that the pear stock may send out roots in all directions. After the notches are 'cut haul the earth about the treepcovering them. The junction of the quince, and pear should always be below - the surface of the ground ; but it is desirable to make standards of them at once the; junction should be five or six inches below the sur face. -; " : Advantages of Making Standards of Dwarfs. Mr. Newton asks if by con verting dwarfs into standards the early bearing and the long life and other ad vantages from standards can be secured.- Mr. Fpller replied yes, if the trees are al lowed to bear before attternpting to con vert them ; into standards. ; Mr. ' Quinn said that the fruit of some varieties is of better size and qualify where the tree is started as a dwarf, and afterwards con verted into a standard. This is the case, he said, with the Duchesse d' Angouleme. In Jlis orchards, this fruit grown on tree3 started ; as standards - had never equaled those of the same variety on tree3 converted from dwarfs to standards. Report on Poultry. A committee appointed by the Club to visit and report upon poultry upon exhibition at the State Poultry Show reported that to obtain a condensed and satisfactory account of the best . breeds they addressed questions to several well-known poultrymen, and re cieved ; answers, of which the following are the gist, and which they regard as en titled to much consideration : First What breeds are at present most prized ? A. Different breeders disagree, but it is at present thought that the majority prefer the Houdans, dark and light Brahmas, and Leghorns. Second Are pure breeds preferable ? A. The pure , breeds are bet ter, than half breeds as layers,' but not quite so hardy. Third--What fowls are best layers? A. White .Leghorns and Aylesbury "ducks. Fourth Which: gi ow fastest and make most dressed meat? A. Creve-Cceurs, light arid dark Brahmas, , or Aylesbury ducks. Fifth For eggs arid flesh both, . which- are best? A.' Hou dans. Sixth rFor; flavor and tenderness of .flesh which breeds 1 excel A. Hou dans, Dorking or Game and Rouen' ducks. Seventh For mothers which have you found best ? A. Game and 5 Dorking. E-ghth Is the Dorking hardy in this climate ? A. No. Ninth What ; feeding and range do yon recommend? Al Ground feed, in . the morning mixed with, warm water' whole grain at night, a little, meat occasionally in Winter, with some broken oyster shell, all ;the' range possible,. and a good warm house are all that is necessary. Tenth-rWbat .is your opinion of poultryj raising on a, large scale ?, . li can be done with great profit if the grounds and houses are large! enough ' Every. hundred fowls should nave at least an acre. ; - - : a'- it- AztIz Jtural. We had ayery interesting; convesati6 " a few days agowithone:pf,ihe most suc cessful Cotton plantersVin this' section of the Stated and e' proceed ,to. lay before our rea.des a feWJof ,the grounds on which he bases bis success:. ' r 1 : He, came.-tor this country some twenty years agoancl. commenced the production of cotton on.A very small scale, because of the lack tmeans to go extensively into it. .After'he- first y ear . he - never bought a peck.of corn or,p6und of bacon until the war broke out, - and to a consid erable extent, raised hii. working stock, thus making nearly ' tbe;whp!e proceeds of his cotton crop clear" profit!bTo this pro duction of home supplies ts iat as practi cable he ascribes, jhitf fiucfc'4s."l..- -? ' He is weir known in"thi dnVhiunity as 1 a- far-seeing,v energetic- .'nn Economical "with" his resources, and-pruderit in their invesfmen't. K " in-J!eviwng'rhispoJicyheefceiTes no efrbrfxcept to the productldnof )ioiifupplles?rVFrom past .experience She iscoHVincedthat horses and mules can be raised in the country at a much lesscost th an they can be obtained from' the stock: producing' States. Thinks we need Winter grass, but in its, absence, finds an excellent substitute in rye and wheat for Winter pasture-Says he (and we fully concur) there islno vljetter' ;h.ay than can be made froribu $wf jot grass. lie J.ntendsear Jtpowa Jew acreslribafs7arid 1 after the oats are made prepare the' mound for a crop) of crow- mitfinito same quantity of . ground in cotton; and compare the.cosjt, anjdpjpus f the two pratsrbute"ltitoiks that devoted to oats and hay, ; will prove the most profitable.- rWeshali-with, interest await the" result of "this expSriiiieintl' v If our planters would., engage more ex tensively in sucbP fexperimentSjNorthern hay would not, many .years, find sale here at from $2 ) to $2.50 per luridredlbs., while large; crops of oats wouldireatly I diminish the demand . "for IccS'nfwhicK is not a very profitable crop jniJspartof Sugar from Sorghutri; S The war gave s i the - first ! impetus to the cultivation of, the 'Chinese ; sugar'- carie "or eorghum, but all the ingenuity of that period failed to solve" the problem - of transforming the j syiup into sugar. "; It tvas known that.the syrup was capableof granulation, but "'repeated c experiments foiled to produce - this- wished-tof-result, and ifc yas only receritly j'that theidiscovr ry was piadp. rThe i new process: subjects he cane to: a treatment J ithatrremoves everything except the saccharine natter. This is placed in large vats,;? where gran ulation soon sets' iri, and thersyrubjfis in a proper, condition for the mil);.;Tjie latter, is constructed on the simplest principles, and is capable of being worked with any power. The machine on ethibition in , this city is worked by handv" the -motive power , being two Africans, who by turning a crank, reyolye a cylinder iri; which; the syrup being, 'poured upon in rapid motion, the centrifugal .force carries it to the sides of the 'cylinder, which are of fine ; gauze wire, and the atmospheric pressure forces ", the syrup through the tiny meshes and leaves the sugar . coated against the sides,,, The cylinder tmakes sixty revolutions to one turn of the crank and on the small machine at 3fr. Cart's office fifteen pounds of fine, clearly gran ulated sugar were made in two minrites. ' The process was witnessed by a number of persons yesterday, and it is now a well es tablished. fact, that sugar can be made from sorghum, and the cultivation of this product is calculated to add largely to the agricultural wealth of ; our State. Gharleston Neves. ! - - Poultry Store Hogs Manure. Give to your hens access to gravel, to pure water, and as of ten as possible flesh of some kind. Lime or bones ground fine will also be found very useful in pro ducing eggs, and should occasionally be placed within their reach.' We will per haps, in our next, give an idea of the besj breeds of fowls. . jj . , Don't let your pigs intended for the next season be neglected. If once stunted in their early days, it is hard' to bring them up to the right point to take on flesh when you may desire to hasten their growth. j k . ; Now is the season for looking to your manure heaps. Collect all the materials to be had on your farm to make compost heaps. Those , who have much poultry '. can make manure from their dufig equal in value ; - and " efficiency to . any guano from the Chincha Islands, if properly man- ... aged. , -' ",J ... f.,- . tj , i Farmers should not rely upen a sense of smell in the purchase of Manures. Prof. Antisell, of Washington, the able ; and accomplished Chemist to the Depart- ' mentof Agriculture,, says; " 1 The sense of smell .is a very .unsafe test ; of the value of ..manure. Two .or Ithreel 5 dead cats will scent a ton of spurious "iu- perphosphate.': to " an. intolerable ; .degreei' v while the pure article is riearlyjiriodorous:; of; a sour taste.. His statement- also .shows , ; our liability, to mistake" bulk for value, : y and; 'confirms opinions of scientific : incn, I1 so often "given that the sewerage of :ci ties," r iu. .the '.common systemlofj.drainEs, is 1 practically worthless for .agricultuni j " ' - y poses, because too 4 bulky to pay f -?" 1
The Weekly Star (Wilmington, N.C.)
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Feb. 4, 1870, edition 1
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