Newspapers / The Roanoke beacon. / April 8, 1910, edition 1 / Page 2
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i. Bankers Warned Narrowness Hrms Country. I3v Dr. Wood row Wilson, President t-f Princeton University.- HERE will be no real banking reform until all the resources of tie country are placed at the disposal of all the people, so that a small (borrower can tap them according to his credit as -well as the big one. The first essential in hanking is not looking for big enterprises, but the encouragement of sound undertakings, whether they be big or little, and the 'barring of bankers who do not follow this rule. . Banking is founded on a moral basis and not on a financial basis. The trouble today is that you bankers are too narrow minded. You don't know the country or what is going on in it, and the country doesn't trust you. on are not interested in development of the country, hut in what has been de veloped. You take no interest in tho small borrower and the small enter prise which affect the future of the country, but you give every attention to the big borrower and the rich enterprise which has already arrived. Too many of you have too great admiration for the defenses of the law. When asking whether a venture is safe, you do not mean morally safe, but Jegally safe, whether it will lead to the road of profit or to the- road to jail. There is a higher law than the law of profit. You bankets sitting In this provincial community of New York see nothing beyond your own interests and are content to sit at the receipt of customs and take tolls of all passers by. You should be broader minded and see what is the best for the coun try in the long run. The development of trusts is beneficial to the country in the short run, but I can" see that in the long run there are deep waters ahead and many dan gers in this respect. Too great responsibility is in the hands of very small groups of men. The future of hanking is the future of the country, and enterprises that bring' about a revolutionary state of mind are not only harmful to the country but 0 fatal to banking. Too Much Machine Ciiarity. 13y President John PI. Kinley, of tne College of tne City of New Yorlc. iHAT we need is not more societies with altruistic purposes, but more common sense. If by any chance an impoverished Zulu should succeed in evading the Immigration Inspectors and en tering the city, we should have forthwith a Society for the Care of Impoverished Zulus. And if any one should invent such a creature as a two-thirds orphan, there would be formed a Society for the Relief of Two-thirds Orphans. What we need is organi zation, a unifying of forces to attack misery, instead of a number of societies which act merely as skirmishers in the fight against human ills. The old conception of a child was a soul coming into the world with a ne bula of heaven. Nowadays a child enters life as a municipal vital statistic. The Tenement House Department is on hand if he is a poor child to see that he gets the prescribed amount of air, the Health Department to taste his milk, to see that it is free from bacilli, to filter the water he drinks, to test his medicines, to remove his tonsils; the public schools to educate him, recrea tion commissions to guide him in his play, the municipal hospital ambulance to pick him up if he falls by the wayside, and the Coroner and the Commis sioner of Charities to bury him. I remember as a school teacher on the prairies, that chalk was the only thing supplied; now we have pens, pencils, paper, textbooks, microscopes, test tubes, laboratory appliances, basket balls, punching bags, and pianos supplied in the public schools. The change of private charities into public managed charities, where each citizen pays his compulsory alms to a Commissioner of Charities, has been an ossifying process. What we need is neighborliness, with its patience, its kindliness, and its spontaneity. There is danger in giving too much of our altruistic activity over to the care of paid administrators. &f & Changing America. By T. P. O'Connor. MAN said to me the other day, with indignation in his voice, that the young New Yorker who passes through the streets to day never stops to look at a statue of Washington or Lincoln or Grant, or any of the other men who created the nation and pro tected it from destruction. To him the interesting thing to point out is the house of Andrew Carnegie or Rockefeller, or of any of the other men who have amassed vast fortunes. These are the really interesting persons. Yet why should my friend be. ,- ''Hignant? This young man who is so little interested in Washington anv A-;cln, and so much in Carnegie and Rockefeller, came from Europe, ork ' ' father came before him. He is not a native of the soil, and to him they ."eat attraction of America was that he could make money here which he could not make in his own poor country. Washington and Lincoln belong to a past which is dead to him; which in deed, to some extent, Is dead to all America. The conditions are entirely changed. I doubt very much if it would be possible in the America of today to have anything like the civil war which rent America for four terrible year? some forty years ago. You couldn't get any of these foreign milllions to in terest themselves sufficiently in the question whether slavery should be abol ished or not. Indeed, there are a good many of them who think that the slavery of the black man has 'been succeeded to a large extent by the slavery of the white man. For there is deep, widespread and fierce discontent In America, in spite of all the splendid wealth, enterprise and energy of the country. T 0 0 Back to the Fs.rm 13-y Stewart Browne. HE greatest cause for "increased cost of aiving in the United States is too large a percentage of labor producing luxuries and too small a percentage producing necessaries. Necessaries are food and drink, clothing and housing, and all things that help or cheapen their production. The ideal nation is the nation that uses only what is abso lutely necessary in quantity and quality to bring up the indi vidual's -productive power to its most effective point in producing the neces saries of life. France more nearly approaches this ideal than any other nation, and the United States is further away from this ideal than any other nation. Every bottle of champagne drunk, every canvasback duck eaten, and the original cost and the cost of maintenance of every pleasure automobile in the United States is a dead loss to this nation, because it does not add even an Infinitesimal point to the productive power of the individual, and so with every luxury. The world's food producers are not keeping pace In numbers with the world's food consumers. ' Back toHhe farm is tha only remedy for the above. m W 10 A Year's Mead: Reduction Proposed. Mary Scott-Uda. fvitfie TIDAL wave may bring wreck and ruin. It is the steady cur rent of the river that does business. What does a thirty-day boycott on meat mean? The ruin, perhaps, of small dealers who are in no way responsible for the rise in the commodity. The big ones have only to clap their product into cold storage and serve it out thirty days hence to tne Doycotters. Would it not be more effective to pledge each other to eat meat but once or twice a week for a year? A five-sevenths steady cut on meat sales for a twelvemonth, leading perhaps to a permanent reduction as people learned the hygienic advantages derived from such temperate abstentation, would surely give the beef barons pause. Much of the sinew and muscle that does the ; world's heary work Is raised precisely on this regime. As a form of economy j 41 irvuiu w csoici vci uuuij wuie cu7uvtj ludu Ui? present luirT.y-GBy tjurt of total fcbstinenc- A A WIDER RANGE, A DEEPER SEA. I lovo to llng-er near the slwre When tempests beat and thunders roar; When breakers dash against the main And reel and stagger back usain; When whlte-cps, rushing from the sea, Strike hard and try, "I will be free." Like things of life they seem to leap. And lift themselves from out the deep With purpose fixed to rend the rock SubmerginK all beneath the shock That they may range forever more In space, unbounded by a shore. To me, these billows seem to cry: "I'll scale thse shores, rock-ribbed and hiRh; I must away; I will be free; There is a wider range for me, A broader field, a deeper sea, As boundless as eternity." Though all the ocean, wide and deep, Is theirs through which to range and leap, They seem to cry: "Tnis narrow sea Contains not room enough for me." And lifting high their crest again. They hurl themselves against the main. And so, within this house of clay. My soul cries out: "I must away. This narrow earth, and air and sky. My boundless longing doth defy. There Is a wider range for me, A shoreless, vast eternity." B. W. Waltermlre, Ohio State Journal THE MEETING. By Laura M. Emerson. 7 They were sitting in Mr. Merry mount's smoking room, which had been closed for the evening because of its comfortable shabbiness. Delpine's foot tapped the floor ever so lightly in time with the music outside, as she sat on one side of the table and looked across at the young man under the shadowy red light. "I never thought I should see you here," she said. "I always knew we should meet some time," he answered. "Even though those days at Holly Hill were so unsatisfactory. I always felt, some how, that even though we never spoke to each other, we were friends." "I was only a school girl then," said Delphine, "but every time I saw you I felt the same way, and I I've always thought of you. How do you come here, by the way?" "Oh I'm often here. I've always stayed here a good deal. And you?" "Oh I," laughed Delphine. "Why ,1 am here for a purpose. Would you like to know about it? I'll tell you. The Merrymounts have a son, a de generate, ne'er-do-well son." "Indeed!" exclaimed the man with interest. He rose and adjusted a por tiere in an evident solicitude lest they be discovered. When he came back his face was grave. He sat down again and leaned toward Delphine. "About the son?'' "About four years ago Mr. Merry mount's son ran through a great deal of money and his father quarrelled with him, I've heard that he gamed and raced horses and that 60rt ot thing." "Um-m," the man agreed, non committally. "But it seems that Mrs. Merrymount had always loved her boy through everything, and has pleaded and plead ed with his father until she had made a kind of peace between them." "Bless her heart," murmured the man. "Did you speak," inquired Delphine. "I only said that she deserved a bet ter son. But what has this to do with you?" "I'm coming to that. Now when the peace was accomplished, Mr. Merry mount only agreed to it on condition his son behaved himself and did not run in debt again. But as he ony made him a very small allowance Did you speak?" Delphine broke off to say again owing to the fact that there had been au indistinct mutter from the other side of the table. "I said I hoped he wouldn't have the fece to take it. I wouldn't." "But you," remarked Delphine saga ciously, "are not Mr. Rudolph Merry mount. And as I was saying, his father's allowance being so small, Mr. Rudolf will certainly be in difficulties again soon, and he and his father will quarrel and Mrs. Merrymount will not be able this , time to patch things up. So she has been thinking up the best way to make him independent and she ihas hit upon " Delphine paused to lay her hand lightly upon her breast "me." The man started up indignantly. "What -makes you think" "I read it In their sudden courtesies to me after my uncle died and left me Ws fortune. I'm a nobody socially, you know, and they are tremendous. They would never dream of -having me here if it were not.for what they want of me. And once " added Del phine shamefacedly, "I hearer them talk it over Mr. and Mrs. Merrymout, I mean. I never saw the son. ro you know he's herel" "Here where?" cried the man, flush ing. "Downstairs, somewhere. That's why I came up here. I couldn't Dear to meet him. I felt so ashamed of him and his family and of myself, coming here as it were, to exchange commodi ties with them. I never really meant to, you know, but I never really decid ed not to until I got here " "And saw me," he finished gently. Delphine flushed a piteous indlgnan; scarlet. The man came around the table then and laid a 'hand on the little one that on the arm of the chair. "Let me tell you something," he said. "Four years ago I was in great trouble. I was at that time at Holly Hill. I was staying with a friend there and every day I used to see you at the golf club end in-the par Its and at different places. I. hadn't been so wry good up to that time. I baa gam-. bled, and raced horses, too, sometime, Red 1 had run through iot of mony. , f But sine then I'te had 'an Ideal to live up to and I can Bay now that in these past, four years there's nothing at least you can be ashamed of. I've a position, a good position, where I've been working steadily this past six months, and I 'hope, because tne aim I have is high, to do better and bet ter until I amount to something." "And your aim is " she asked shy ly, not so much that she did no: know as that it was pleasant to hear. "To be .worthy of the girl who is to marry me," he answered. "And re member, Delphine, that I can take care of you, but not on your money. And if you marry me you must live on my little until I can make it more. Can you do that? "I can and I will," said Delphine, proudly. . A moment later another footfall sounded outside In the corridor. Del phiae turned In a panic. "Your name," she gasped. "I don't know your name." But there was no time for . him to answer, so that Mrs. Merrymount, who parted the portieres and came m, un wittingly supplied, the information. "My dear Rudolf," she said, "I thought I might find you here, but I did not think of looking' in this room for Delphine." "Hereafter, mother," said the man, taking Delphine's hand in h:s and looking into her wondering eyes, "you will be very likely to find one of us where you find the other." Bostoa Post. KNOWN BY HIS TIE. Significance to Londoner of Headgear " and Neckwear. When some years ago one of the doorkeepers at a London theatre re tired from his draughty calling and was pensioned off by the management it appeared that this old man in all the years of his service had never given a "pass out" check to any one of the thousands of men who must have passed his doorway. But he never made a mistake. No one entitled to return was ever re fused and no one could pass in at the end of the interval who, had not passed out at the beginning of it. The secret of the old man's success was a curious one. He depended on his memory in a very curious way. He did not remember the men by their faces, their clothes, their hats, their boots, or by any peculiarity of gait or appearance. Manifestly such a feat would have been impossible, for ordinary "pitties" are very much" alike in these details. He took the one detail on which men do differ and remembered them by that he recognized them by tnelr neckties. Gaze around you in the railway car riage as you are reading this article and ask yourself if there is any one of your fellow passengers that you could remember well enough to rscognize again in, say, an hour's time. You will find there are very few people you could be 6ure of. There may be one old man with a large and conspicuous white beard or a very young man with a pair of spectacles of unusual size, but nine out of ten have the same sort of hat, the same sort of clothes and the same sort of figure. i The Londoner, in fact, seems to be standardized. He is built on a set tled pattern. He is modelled to a type. His necktie is his sole bit of variety. Into this world of standardized hu-. man beings comes, let us say, a co lonial. Mighty London with her vast crowds swarming over four counties swallows him up. Yet somehow he preserves his individuality. He is con spicuous wherever he goes. He feels that all London is staring at him,, and all London, as far as it has time, is staring at him. Cabmen persistently hail him, the map sellers in the Strand pester him as he pesses, those very acute people -the confidence men sight him afar off. But it is not his necktie that dis tinguishes him, nor his face nor his clothes nor his walk. The conspicu ous feature of the newly arrived co lonial's outfit is his hat. London permits three eorts of hat the top hat, the bowler and in' the summer the straw. Any break from this settled order is" to make yourself conspicuous.- London Mirror. A Bank Note Curio. "Yes, I collect queer bank notes," said the receiving teller. "I've been doing it for years. You know there are some very odd things written on bank notes sometimes." He pointed to a $1 bill hung in a frame of black oak on the wall. "Read that," he said. "And I've got queerer ones than that even in my collection." On the bank note in red ink was written in a feminine hand: "You have robbed me of all the rest, and ot my soul also. May this burn your hand when you touch it. May all you buy with it be accursed. You have the last. Are you now satisfied? MuTderer!" The collector sUghed sentimentally, "Think of the tragedy." he said, "that may He hid behind those simple little phrases, eh?" New York Press. Genuine Watermelon Going, pumpkin hybridization, so as to get thick, tough rind to stand shipping and to make them larger and fuller. While the rind improves the meat Is damaged. The old-fashioned water melon, with its thin, brittle rind which cracked uader thumb pressure or split when a knife was put in. is past and gone, foruch are no good In a day of commerciaHarc A genuine water melon U a hard thing to handle, for it cracks as easily as an egg; it ofUa splits itself in the paten. New O lau Stales. PRACTICAL ADVICE ABOUT DIVERSIFIED FARMING tznututttntntuiutmtttmtttmttm An Example of Profitable Forestry. Tho fact that three-fourths of the timber of the United States is in private ownership seems to indicate conclusively that it is to these private owners that we must look for the bulk of the timber supply of the fu ture. Few private owners regard their holdings as permanent timber Investments even when the land is of a character which makes it of little or doubtful value for farming. The general policy is to cut as closely as possible to increase the amount of the present profits; to neglect the protection of the young growth on tho cut over land from fire on ac count of its cost;, and then, if possl ble, to sell the cut over land if not good farming land, rather than pro tect it and improve it for future cut ting. That it is possible for private own ers to manage their timber lands so as to maintain them as permanent producing investments is well shown by the results which have been ob talned by the University of the South, at Sewanee, Tenn. These lands con sisted of 6600 acres of rough moun talnland which, in 1900, the universi ty thought of selling for $3000, since the tract was not of the best quality. The trustees of the university knew nothing of the methods of managing timber lands and were absolutely un able to protect the tract from fire, which was yearly injuring much of the young timber. At the instance of a member of the faculty, who was an enthusiastic believer in the possi bilities of scientific forest manage ment, experts of the Forest Service examined the. tract, and prepared a working plan, marked the trees which were to be sold and cut, and those which , were to be left, and recommended a method of securing protection from fire, which always threatens to destroy young trees. The system of cutting was to get rid of all defective trees, and all species of low value, cutting at the same time sound trees wherever re moval would not injure the future value of the forest. During the dry months of the autumn a paid patrol was maintained to prevent the start ing of any fire, or to see it before it had made headway, and at once ex tinguish it. Cutting, with these objects in view, was begun in 1901, to supply a small mill, and by October, 1909, the tract had been entirely cut over. The net profits, after deducting all expenses of every kind, including fire protection, exceeded $1S,000, or about six times the accepted value of the property in 1901. The cost of fire protection has amounted to more than $600. All of this amount, ex cept $122, was for patrol service, a man being kept constantly on the watch during dry and dangerous weather. He was paid $30 a month. Extensive fires occurred only during three years. The cost of extinguish ing them with hired labor amounted lo $122. The excellent patrol service prevented fires getting under head and beyond control. The logging was done by contract, and the con tractors were required to prevent fires. There has been only one fire of importance, and that burned only a small part of the tract. A leaf has not been burned in eight years on more than nine-tenths of the tract. Although the tract has been entirely logged, the conservative cutting as sures a second cutting within ten years, and indefinite future cutting thereafter at ten-year intervals; and the indications are that at each fu ture cutting the amount of timber which 'is cut will increase, and the quality improve. The defective trees have been largely removed, as well as the species of low value. The young tress are all sound and thrifty, have never been scorched or stunted by fires, and there is an increased pro portion of the valuable species like yellow poplar, hickory and red oak. The cost of fire patrol has been ex cessive, since one man should patrol a much larger tract, and this patrol cannot stop now, but must be con tinued for the next ten years, when no cutting is taking place and no in come is being derived from the prop erty. The great value of the results ivhich have been secured indicates, however, the desirability of a legal ized or systematized patrol system during the dangerous season in the forested portions of the counties, es pecially in those sections where there Is tender young growth. The result ant benefits extend far beyond the in dividual owners. It means the main tenance of the producing value of lands, assuring additional property for taxation, and a cheaper and more abundant supply of raw material for building and for industrial uses. W. W. Ashe, Forest Service, Wash ington, D. C, in Southern Planter. and will hardly think it necessary that we should draw attention to this matter, and yet we may safely assert that more plants are injured, and more fail to reach their greatest per fection from an Improper mode of watering than from all other causes combined. To water the various plants, that their different wants shall all be sup plied and no more, is an art acquired by but few, and the credit which most cultivators receive for a fine col lection of plants is often due to the proper observance of this one item. It should be borne in mind that the duty of the water is to dissolve and convey to the roots of the plants the food which they need; some plants must have a season of comparative rest, and If such are watered liberally during this time they will keep on growing, and the necessary rest is not obtained. Sometimes growers will tell us that they succeed very well with "certain classes of plants, such as fuchsias, etc., but that they fall with other sorts. We at once set such people down as being profuse water ers, who, by too much water, injure or destroy such plants as will not bear it. On the other hand, there are those who fail with this class of plants and succeed wel with others,, because their mode of watering does not supply enough for the wants of one class, but is'out the proper amount for anotherr Many plants are permanently in jured by water remaining in the saucer; others often suffer from a bad selection of the soil. Some ama teurs fail with a certain class of plants, of which begonias may be taken as a type, because they shower the leaves with cold water, but for this very reason they are. eminently successful with another class, of which the camellia will serve as a type. As a general rule, from which there are few variations, the texture of the leaves may be taken as an in dex of their power to resist the appli cation of water. Plants having por ous, open or fleshy leaves covered with soft down should be seldom, if ever, moistened, while those having glossy or hard leaves will do all the better if washed frequently. W. R. Gilbert, in Home and Garden. Watering Flowerlns Plants. Many who have the cars of window plants seem to imagine that the op eration of watering Is one of the limplest items incident to their care. Dairy Notes. As a good disinfectant, gypsum. sprinkled on the floor about the stalls of the cows will keep down the odors and help retain the ammonia of the manure and add to its fertility. Use it. The yard where cows are kept should have good surface drainage, and it should be covered with gravel or cinders deep enough to form a hard surface at all seasons of the year. Silos furnish one of the best foods for cows, but if you cannot have one, raise some of the roots, such as the mangel-wurzel, which yields 600 to 700 bushels per acre, and can be pre served in a root cellar, cheaply built. The dairyman should be a natural ly neat person. This will give him a good reputation to begin with, and as milk is one of the quickest pro ducts to absorb odors, he will need to be always particular and on the outlook for anything harmful to his business. Never allow the milk to stand in the barn, but remove it at once to a cool place to be aerated, and cool to a temperature of sixty degrees or below. Then be particular that all empty cans and pails, and everything: that comes in contact with the milk, are thoroughly washed and sterilized. One of the most essential requi sites in turning out good first-class butter is cleanliness. Not only should the vessels for milking, and those for keeping the milk in, be clean and sweet, but the cow also must be kept fre from mud and any other filth that may have adhered to her, for milk is quick to absorb im-'t purities. To become successful in dairying, one must provide plernty of the for age crops, to be able to keep the cows in the best condition for supplying milk, and then calculate to do your milking rular hours, never changing imfvsif unavoidable, and be sure to milk the cows dry. It is not so much the amount of milk and butter a cow gives, if she consumes a greater amount of feed than will make the business profit able, she is useless. Professor Robin son, of the Canadian Department of Agriculture, has been conducting some experiments, which go to prove that there is no profit in the dairy cow when she consumes more than six or seven pounds of grain per day. Successful Farming. Kills Wild Mustard. Wild mustard plants are easily killed without injury to the growing cereal crop by spraying the grain fields with a twenty per cent, solu tion of iron sulphate just before tha mustard plants have reached th blossoming stase SOME HELPS FOR THE FARMER'S WIFE. There are women who in petty ef forts to save, wear out their bodies, exhaust their energies and waste their trae instead of remembering that tlere are great things waiting to be done, beautiful sights to be seen and helpful books to be read. Inventions for making housework easy are daily multiplying, many of them so helpful and inexepnsive that one often wonders that they were not purchased as soon as seen. Very often the self-denying housewife be rates herself roundly for crimping along without wish-for pan, egg beater or some kitchen utensil when she realizes that it could be bought for a few cents. Insufficient help in the kitchen is the rule rather than the exception on the average farm. Too often the housemother is allowed to undertake more than her strength will permit.
April 8, 1910, edition 1
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