Newspapers / The Roanoke Beacon and … / April 8, 1910, edition 1 / Page 3
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k FR THE- yMr A Handy Contrivance. When going to town with the heavy farm wagon, it is often desirable to take a few eggs, apples or some other article that is easily damaged by the jolting of the wagon, and I will tell the readers of the Agricultural Epltomist of a device that I made to meet this requirement, which works admirably. I took some cast off bed springs attached to boards, and made a little platform large enough to set three bushel crates on. This I place In the oottom of the wagon box, fthen place the egg crate or whatever ' else I wish to carry that requires careful handling, and it rides safely. F. H. Dow, Steuben County, N. Y. Fertilizing Corn. Tests made with Tennessee finely ground pho? ihoric rock, twenty-eight per cent, phosphoric acid,' 1000 pounds per acre, oa my farm, gave results as foll Where no phosphoric rock was used the corn averaged 48.97 bushels per acre. Whero 1000 pounds phos phoric rock was used the corn aver aged 65.82 bushels per acre, making a gain of 16.85 bushels per acre over the untreated soil. The soil wasthin where tests were made. The 16.85 bushel gain used 10.11 pounds of phosphoric acid, leaving 12S.S9 pounds of phosphoric acid for the coming crops. The phosphoric acid becomes available much faster after the second year. Stall manure, with which 100 pounds phosphoric rock was mixed at time of hauling, made a gain of 17.49 bushels per acre over untreated ma nure. The manure was used at the rate of nine spreader loads per acre. By getting the supply of phosphoric acid in this way it is a saving of more than half. The soil is very deficient in this -;lement of plant food. Ira E. Deer, in the Indiana Farmer. Foods Rich in Protein. Besides alfalfa, clover, soy beans, cowpeas and some other legumes which we grow on the farm, wheat bran, linseed meal, cottonseed meal, germ meal, tankage, gluten meal, which is a corn product, and some other concentrates are rich in the nitrogenous element of food so essen tial to young and growing live stock. When corn is high, the by-products of corn will be high. If oats are cheap, its by-products will be cheap, and so along the line. In buying any of these feeds, figure the number of pounds of protein in a ton, and then, know ing the price asked per ton,' it can be readily learned what a pound of pro tein costs. Iu this way you know which food is the cheapest source of protein. Most of the- grains that go to pro duce this list of by-products are rich in carbohydrates, but as the manu facturer wishes this particular part of the grain to make his product, he returns the grain better than when sold to him; that is, better for pro ducing milk or growth. He not only does this, but he grinds anu cooks these foods and maker them very pal atable. Indiana Farmer. llov: to Thaw a Frozen Stock Pump. At this time of severe cold weather the farmer and his family are often much inconvenienced by finding the stock pump frozen, up solid in the morning, and all) efforts to thaw it with salt or hot ''water are slow and ofttimes wholly ineffective, as the hot water runs out at the spot, while that "below in contact with the ice soon be comes cold, doing no work. The pump must finally be taken out and thawed in the kitchen. It may be worth something to know that, with a small tool costing but a few pennies, the most stubborn if i frozen pump can be thawed out just as easily and pleasantly as to cut the kindling. Get a piece of quarter-inch gas pipe about five feet long, with a coupling on one end, and tie a piece of binder twine, or other string about a yard long, underneath the coupling, and you are prepared. Slip the pipe down along the sucker rod, till the lower end rests on the ice. By means of a small funnel pour hot water in above, and the pipe will sink a hole down through the ice as fast as an auger would bore. Hold to the string and keep your eye on the pire. When it drops through, hold it there and pour in more hot water, which will be delivered below the ice and will thaw out all the rest, running out cold at the spout contrary as would otherwise. One application will pay for itself, and convince you that it is just as easy to thaw the pump as feed the chickens or sweep the walks. F. W. Shuls, in tho Indiana Farmer. Testing the Cow. There is much variation in the yield and quality of milk from the cows, and no farmer can have ?. herd uni form unless he breeds for uniformity by adhering to one breed; it may even be necessary to rely on some particu lar family of the selected breed. Even then close and careful culling of the herd will be necessary to secure tiniformity in richness of : lilk. Have measures and scales, learn how much difference there is in the yield of the cows, then have milk from each cow tested for butter fat and figure out the most profitable cows. Do not take some other man's word for it, but do it yours3lf. The percental of fat in milk from a single cow may vary, one day giving different results from the next. In an experiment with a choice Jersey cow the milk was found to range from 4.45 per cent, to 5. S3 per cent. A single test with a cow may, there fore, be of no value, as in the one case mure milk would to required to make a pound of butter than in the other, as was shown in the varia tion of fat with the above experiment. Let the calf stay with the cow a few hours only, then milk the cow in a few hours after removing the calf and put the bucket of warm milk to the calf's nose so as to touch it, and in a minute or two it will drink, and th work is done. The calf will thus have learned to drink like other ani mals, and all trouble of feeding milk to it will be over. The mistake usual' ly made is in allowing the young caU to run with the cow several days, and having learned to suck, it is hard to teach it any other way. Epitomist. Feeding Fat Into Milk. Dairymeu have been divided in their opinion as to whether or not it is possible to increase the fat content of milk by different methods of feed ing, and particularly by the feeding of an increased amount of fat in the food. The experiment stations long since proved that it was not possible to feed fat into milk, but some dairy men have been slow to accept th facts in the case. Professor Jordan, of the Geneva (New York) Experiment Station, has completed a test that is conclusive. He sent 1000 pounds chopped hay and 1500 pounds of cornmeal and ground oats to a linseed oil company, and had this company extract all the fat from the feed. This company makes linseed meal by ex tracting the oil or fat from the flas seed, and they are therefore prepared to extract all the fat, or at least theii process leaves only a trace of fat in the material treated. A Jersey cow, young and vigorous, was chosen for the trial. She was thin in flesh and four months aftet calving. At first this cow was given a normal ration, consisting of un treated timothy hay, cornmeal. ground oats and wheat gluten. Hei milk yield and butter fat content ol milk for this period are carefully re corded. Then her food was changed, and she was fed the prepared feeds, free from fat. If the cow must derive hei milk, fat from the- fat in the feed, something unusual must happen, be cause there is not sufficient fat in the feed to account for the large amount of fat in the milk. The cow gave th3 normal amount of milk and fat, and gained in weight on the fat free feed. Professor Jordan found that the con produced sixty-three pounds of fat, and her feed only contained twelvo pounds of fat, of which she digested only six pounds. The cow gained in flesh and grew somewhat fatter dur ing the trial. We naturally ask them from whence comes the fat. Professor Jor dan determined the amount of pro tein in the fesds, and the amount that was digested, and the amount that appeared ia the casein and albumen of the milk, and after deducting all thesa amounts of protein, he found that only a very small part of the fat in the milk could have been derived from the protein part of the feed, and he believes that practically nono of the fat is derived from this source. The protein part of the ration is needed, however, to furnish the pro tein part of the milk, and to build up the protein parts of tho body, and protein acts as a stimulant and re juvenator to the system. By elimination we are driven to the conclusion that practically all of the fat in the milk is derived from other parts of the feeds than the fat and protein. These other constituents of feeds are starches, sugars and woody fibre, all three of which constituents we call carbohydrates, and these same constituents build up the sugars in the milk, and give heat and energy to the animal. This cow ate several hundred pounds of carbohydrates. The cow, then, derives a very large part of the fat, if not all of it, from the carbohydrates. The fats are made up of the three chemical elements, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and the carbohydrates contain the same iden tical elements, or component parts, except that they are arranged a little differently in the mixture. The cow has the ability to take one form of the mixture and change the relation of the parts, somewhat and thus pro duce fat. Professor Jordan is a patient, painstaking investigator, and we owe him a debt of gratitude for proving so convincingly that the source of the fat in the milk is the carbohydrate part of the feed. Inland Farmer. A Poor Excuse. The worst thing about a poor ex cuse is that It seldom serves the pur pose for which it was intended. Chicago Record-Herald. MARBLES AND TOPS Of Course, "Spring Has Came!" V Cartoon by Washburn, in the Pittsburg Dispatch. AN APPEAL TO PUBLIC-SPIRITED PERSONS FOR ASSISTANCE IN CORRECTING SOME ERRONEOUS POPULAR OPINIONS. THE UNITED STATES CENSUS, APRIL 15, 1910. The enumeration of .the population during a census of the United States always presents numerous difficulties; chiefly, the apprehension of a large element that their answers to the enumerators' questions will cause in creased taxation, legal entanglements, or injurious consequences to their persons and property. In order to quiet such unfounded fears, which would, unless removed, materially affect the coming census, April 15, next, the Census Bureau has prepared the subjoined brief statement relative to the decennial census. Its origin, purpose, and uses. It should furnish complete assurance to those concerned that informa tion given the enumerators is held by the Census Bureau in the strictest confidence, with reference to the identity of the informants, as required by the policy of the Bureau and commanded by the law of the United States. It Is, therefore, earnestly hoped that Clergymen, Priests, Physicians, School-Teachers, Employers, and other public-spirited citizens. who come in contact with large numbers of people will co-operate with the Census Bu reau by telling persons who are believed to entertain erroneous opinions of the census the real facts, urging them to give full replies to the enumera tors. Teachers are particularly requested .to speak of the census to the school children and ask them to tell their parents about it. For further particulars, or such other printed census information as there is on the subject, please address the Supervisor of your Census District. Very truly, . E. DANA DURAND, Director, Bureau of the Census. OFFICIAL STATEMENT BY THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENSUS. On April 15, in the present year, 1910, the census of the United States begins. ' It occurs every ten years. It Is the basis of the distribution among the States of representation in the National House of Representatives. It is also the means by which the United States Government ascertains the increase in the population, agriculture, industries, and resources of the Nation. It is required by the Constitution and by act of Congress. CENSUS FOR STATISTICAL PURPOSES ONLY. The information sought willbe used solely for general statistical pur poses. It ;Ul neither be published nor used in any other way to disclose facts regarding any individual or enterprise. The census is not, never has been, and can not be employed to obtain information that can be used In. any way in the assessment of property for purposes of taxation or the collection of taxes. National, State, or local; for deportation proceedings; extradition measures; Army or Navy conscription; compulsory school . attendance; child-labor law prosecutions; quarantine regulations; or in any way to affect the life, liberty, or property of any person. It has nothing whatever to do with the detection, arrest, prosecution, or punishment of any person, for any suspected, or actual, violation of a law, whether of a city, or State, or the National Government, or of a for eign nation. CENSUS INQUIRIES DEFINED BY CONGRESS. The census inquiries are defined by act of Congress. The questions on the schedules are framed by the Director of the Census In conformity with that act They apply to all persons living in the United States on April 15, next, the "Census Day." The same questions are asked about each person. All persons must answer all the questions. THE QUESTIONS REGARDING PERSONS. The census law, with reference to population, requires that the enum erator's questions shall, for' each inhabitant, call for: "The name, relationship to head of family, color, sex, age, conjugal condition, place of birth, place of birth of parents, number of years in the United States, citizenship,, occupation, whether or not employer or employe, and, if employe, whether or not employed at the date of enumeration (April 15, 1910), and the number of months unemployed during the pre ceding calendar year (1909), whether or not engaged in agriculture, school attendance, literacy, and tenure of home, and whether or not a survivor of the Union or Confederate Army or Navy; and the name and address of each blind or deaf and dumb person." THE QUESTIONS REGARDING AGRICULTURE. The same law, with reference to agriculture, requires that the enum erator's questions shall call for; "The name, color, and country of birth of occupant of each farm, tenure, acreage of farm, acreage of woodland and character of timber there on, value of farm and improvements, value of farm implements, number and value of livestock on farms and ranges, number and value of domestic animals not on farms and ranges, and the acreage of crops planted and to be planted during the year of enumeration (1910), and the acreage of crops and the quantity and value of crops and other farm products for the year ending December thirty-first (1909) next preceding the enumeration." BADGES WORN BY CENSUS ENUMERATORS. Census enumerators wearing badges with "U. S. Census 1910" Btamped on them, will go from house to house, and farm to farm, beginning April 15. They are not to be regarded as spies, detectives, policemen, constables, tax assessors, or officers of any city, county, or State. They are employed by the U. S. Bureau of the Census. They do not represent any other De partment of the United States Government, or any foreign nation. REPLIES TO ENUMERATORS STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL. Replies to enumerators are, and must be, held by the Census Burea In strict and absolute confidence. All the U. S. Census officials, supervisors, supervisors' clerks, enum erators, and interpreters, before entering upon their duties, are obliged to take a solemn oath not .to disclose any Information they may obtain, except to the Census Bureau, and a violation of the United StPtes law in regard to this oath means a $1000 fine, or imprisonment for two years, or both, in the discretion of the Court. PENALTIES FOR FAILURE TO ANSWER QUESTIONS. If any adult person refuses or willfully neglects to answer an enum erator's questions, or, if any person willfully gives answers that are false, he or she can be arrestod, carried to court, and fined up to $100. Keepers of hotels, apartment houses, boarding or lodging houses, tenements or other buildings, in which persons make their homes, must help the enum erator when asked, or they will be liable to arrest and punishment by a fine up to $500. E. DANA DURAND, Director. Think Government Gave Roose- velts Unwarranted Privilege. Liverpool, England The Post says: "There is some soreness among big game shots over the Roosevelt ex pedition. "They are asking why the British Government should have afforded special facilities to the expedition, which has resulted in the acquisition by America of very rare specimens which up to now are conspicuous by their absence from museums in Eng land, and as yet has denied the privil ege of these preserves to Englishmen." VERSUS 9 O'CLOCK. Yale StuOcnts Will Build Their Own Machines and Take Flights, New Haven, Conn. Yale formed an. aero club, and voted to begin at once to build aeroplanes. About forty undergradutes joined the organiza tion and pledged themselves to start work constructing machines. The old hoathouse at Lake Whitney will b used as the work house. Several will make flights before Commencement. Max Van Hoegen, president of the club, has served in the German armj aero corps and assisted Count Zeppe lin in tha latter'a trips laat year. C? & SCIENCE J Experiments in Ireland go to shovj that ten tons of peat have the "calo- I rifle value" of one ton of ordinarj coal. Professor Herdman, lecturing al the Royal institution, and describing how to tell the age of a fish, said the lines on the scales of the herring are lines of annual growth. The numbei of lines on the bones are another in dication. Westminster Gazette. Heretofore photographers have had to guess at distances to get theii focusses. If a photographer was a bad guesser oh a long distance pic ture he got a poor plate. A Massa chusetts man, who probably spoiled a few plates himself, designed range-finder to get over the difficulty. A new German invention is an nounced which may serve as a usefu. substitute for celluloid, especialls where the color of the article is no4 of importance. It is made from crys tallized carbolic acid and formalde hyde, and the resulting product is ar almost transparent ruby colored sub stance, which is not liable to take fire. By the introduction of a white pig ment the color can be modified. A cinematograph film which it is im possible to set alight is also being made on the Continent with consider able success. London Daily Mail. Dr. R. Marloth has discovered in South Africa six species of plants thai possess "window leaves." They are all stemless succulents, and the egg shaped leaves are embedded in the ground, only the apexes remaining visible. This visible' part of th? leaves is flat or convex on the surface and colorless, so that the light can penetrate it and reach the Interior oi the leaf b'elow, which is green on the inside. With the exception of ths blunt apex, no part of the leaf is per. meable to the light, being surrounded by the soil ia which it is buried. Ironing linen has a greater effect than is commonly believed. As the temperature of the iron may greatly exceed 2 66 degrees Fahrenheit it has been suggested that the process ol ironing may suffice to sterilize surgi cal dressings and hence be of valua ble service, especially In rural dis tricts and elsewhere, in the absence of disinfecting ovens and sterilizers. Nearly all microbes can be killed by a sufficiently long application of a temperature of 158 degrees Fahren heit, but a temperature of 266 de grees Fahrenheit is required to kill certain spores of bacteria f.nd to pro duce absolutely complete steriliza tion. The Nation's Skull-Making. Scientists, like poets, can be dith rambic and rhapsodical, and lead gov ernments into publishing works of fiction in the guise of reports of in vestigations. So while admitting to the full all that the American envi ronment does in affecting and modi fying the inner being, mental outlook and' social customs of the many races which come from abroad, it will be with considerable skepticism that eth nologists read the latest report of the immigration bureau on quickly at tained physical modifications, noted in immigrants to this country, or at least that portion of the report which 3eems to show that structural changes follow mere living In this country, Dwing to better nutrition, etc. Oi course where there are inter-marriages and a blending of types in par ents it is to be expected, and is visi blo to the most careless observer. But, after all, what we are more con :erned with is the Americanizing ol :he contents of the skull. American aatters and milliners can be depended )n to produce hats to fit any shape o lead. Boston Herald. Warship Built Into House. Timbers of the famous battleship Wellington are being used as sup ports and rafters in the $200,000 residence of I. N. Phelps Stokes, al 3reenwich, Conn. Mr. Stokes, when he bought the timbers in England, was not indulging himself in things historic, although such material In the house will add greatly to its in terest. His idea was to get good, 3trong wcod, and the timbers from the Wellington are of teak, which it prized because of its great durability. Most of the timbers will be used as rafters in the great dining room. In England there are several firms that make a specialty of breaking up old vessels to get teak and other val uable woods. Popular Mechanics. Japanese Adaptability. The readiness of Japan and China in adapting themselves to Westerc methods of electrification, says the Railway News, is to-day amply evi denced in the work going on in the large cities of these two countries Yokohama has its electric tramways. Tokio, the capital of Japan, has a fine system of electric railways. The railway engineers and directors are Japanese. Shanghai has recently completed a splendid system of tram ways, and Hong-Kong has operated street railways for several years with good results. There are many othe: cities in Japan and China which will undoubtedly follow the example ol these cities. Heads of Philadelphia's police de partment plan to equip each patrol man with a pocket electric searchlight. HOUSEHOLD MATTERS Use For Discarded Feather Beds. Put a small portion of the feathers. to a tick made of muslin the size of rour bed, spread feathei-3 oat evenly, ack the case closely oa quilting 'rames, cover with pretty silkolme md knot or tie as you do a comfora )le, using either worsted or ribbon, i. most excellent substitute for a lown quilt is the result. Sverydaj "iousekeeping. Floor Borders of Slatting. We decided, instead of purchasing i new carpet for a room, to buy a rug. This necessitated staining or other wise treating the floor which would mow outside the rug. Az the floor !?as very poor, we decided not to :reat it, but to buy matting. This we illowed to extend a few inches under :he rug, and we planned, if necessary, io cover the rest of the floor under ;he rug with newspapers. But we found that the ridge where the mat ing ended was not noticeable. The Jxpense of the matting was small, ?.nd it was put down in a very short time, while if we had stained and ailed the floor it would have prevent ed our using the room (and it hap pened to be a room we used constant ly) for some time. C. K. F.,'ia House and Garden. Four Ways to Use Ginger. A plain lemon jelly, prepared ac jording to directions on the package of gelatine, becomes something novel by stirring into it some preserved ginger cut into thin circles. When firm, cut the jelly into two-inch blocks. Serve there or four to a dish, topped with whipped, sweetened ;ream, flavored with a little of the ginger syrup. To make lemon ginger sherbet", boil two cupfuls of water and a cup ful of sugar for fifteen minutes and add a teaspoonful of gelatine dis solved in warm water. Strain, and when cold add a cupful of lemon juice md five tablespoonfuls of ginger syrup. Freeze, and when quite stiff stir in two tablespoonfuls of pre served ginger, chopped , very fine; pack in salt and ice till serving time. For a beverage for unexpected com pany, nothing will give more satis faction than ginger ale. Dissolve three tablespoonfuls of ground gin ger in hot water, just barely to cover. Let it boil for five minutes and cool, then pour It into a bottle with three cupfuls of ice-cold water, one table spoonful of lemon juice, and sugar to sweeten to taste. As a last ingredient drop in a heaping teaspoonful of 3upercarbonato of soda, and cork the bottle, hammering the cork down tightly. Shake the bottle well before serving the beverage,' and the cork will pop out. This ale will have the finest kind of a fizz and snap to it. A variation of the ordinary dessert jf a cream delicacy may be made with ginger. Prepare the cream as for charlotte russe, and, as you beat It stiff, stir In preserved or crystallized ginger that has been cut into shreds with a sharp knife, and a little of tho rich syrup, the quantity to be guaged by tasting the cream after mixing. Keep the cream In an ice-cold place until serving, and top each glass of cream with a cube of preserved gin ger. Accompany the cream with gin ger wafers or soft gingerbread. T C. C, in Suburban Life. Spur Milk Muffins. A pint of sour milk, one egg and a little salt, a tea spoonful of soda and a tablespoonful of butter, Have, the griddle moder ately hot, grease well, and also the rings. " Mock Oysters. Grate six ears o! corn, one egg, two tablespoons milk, pepper and salt, teaspoon baking pow der and flour enough to make a bat ter suitable for frying. This is nice for using corn too old to cat in ordi nary way. Corn Meal Gems. Take two cup fuls of jcorn meal, sift well, and add one egg, four tablespoonfuls of melted butter, one-third teaspoonful of salt, a teaspoonful of soda and a upfuJ of sour milk. Put in gem pans and bake in moderate oven for twenty minutes. Cranberry Pie. One pint of cran berries, chopped, one cup sugar, one half cup molasses, one tablespoon cornstarch dissolved in little cold water, then add two-thirds cup boil ing hot water; bake with two crusts or with strips across. This makes two pies. Bean Rabbit. Melt two table spoons of butter add one teaspoon of salt, one-eighth teaspoon of pap rika, one-half cup of milk and one cup of cold mashed beans; stir until thor oughly heated and add one-half cup of grated cheese. "s soon as the cheese 'has melted servo on sma.l slices of toasted bread. - Tomato Soup. Take the bone? that are taken from a shoulder of lamb, put into cold water, enough ta cover the bones. Cut fine one gooi sized onion, put in with the benes. Cook until the meat falls from tht bones. Strain, then add one-half can tomatoes; cook till they are donp. Straiu, put back into the kettle, add one-fourth teaspoon cinnamon, one tablespoon sugar, salt and pepper tc taste. Thicken with small quantity ol flour. - ... ,
The Roanoke Beacon and Washington County News (Plymouth, N.C.)
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April 8, 1910, edition 1
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