Newspapers / The News-Record (Marshall, N.C.) / Jan. 17, 1935, edition 1 / Page 2
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BRISBANE THIS WEEK Nice Lump Sum The President at Work Free Tombstone Button-Pushing Days Congress will give President Roose velt a lump sum, a considerable lump of four thousand million dollars, to let him change from the system of doles and imitation Jobs, "picking up leaves and pieces of paper," to real Jobs and useful work. In his new White House offices. President Roosevelt Is at work on a "social security program," which will include unemployment Insurance and old age pensions. The idea is to let pay rolls contribute to the cost of in surance and pensions. This might work well with normal pay rolls. You hope that the President, In his wisdom, will include In any "security" program security for the nation, in ad dition to security for individuals, old or out of a Job. Unemployment insurance and old age pensions would do little good If a few thousand planes came flying from Eu rope or Asia to bomb our cities and spray them with poison gas. If they came now, they could do exactly as they pleased. We have no way of In terfering with them. Bruno Hauptmann's musings oa fate's vagaries were interrupted the other day by a strange offer from Mr. Standlsh Hartman, who owns the old Flemington stone works, manufactur ing tombstones, Just opposite the Hauptmann Jail. Hauptmann was told, "If you are sent to the electric chair I will let you pick out your own tombstone, free, and help you write the epitaph. I will make it a work of art that people will go a long way to see, one that any man would be proud to have." It should take genius to devise a tombstone that "any man would be proud to have" if lie got it after being executed for murder. CURRENT EVENTS PASS IN REVIEW EIGHT AND A HALF BILLION DOL LAR BUDGET OFFERED BY THE PRESIDENT. By EDWARD W. PICKARD , Western Newspaper Union. BECAUSE work relief must be car ried on the federal budget will not be balanced for the coming fiscal year, and probably not for several years thereafter, in present ing the budget to con gress, President Roose velt admitted this, but without qualms. He estimated $8,520,000,- 000 -as the amount of money necessary to carry on the govern ment's activities for the 1936 fiscal year be ginning July 1 next. The expenses for the current year, partly estimated, are $8,581,- 000 000 It one wishes to know who spends all these huge sums, an Idea may be obtained from these figures showing the estimated expenditures for the fis cal year 1936: President Roosevelt 1. Legislative, judicial and executive I. Civil departments and agencies 69 I. National defense . . 4. Veterans' pensions and benefits t. Debt charges: Interest 36,595,000 788,057,169 792,484,265 704,885,500 875,000,000 "Let him who, for speculative profit or partisan purpose, without Just war rant would seek to disturb or dispel this assurance, take heed before he as sumes responsibility for any act which slows our onward steps." The President reported1 an unsettled condition In the foreign field, with the resurrection of old Jealousies and pas sions and new strivings for armament and power In more than one land, add ing: "There Is no ground for apprehen sion that otir relations with any na tion will be otherwise than peaceful." Discussing the matters that will be brought before congress for action, Mr. Roosevelt said : "Among the subjects that lie imme diately before us are the consolidation of federal regulatory administration over all forms of transportation, the renewal and clarification of the gen eral purposes of the national indus trial recovery act, the strengthening of our facilities for the prevention, de tection and treatment of crime and criminals, the restoration of sound con ditions In the public Utilities field through abolition of the evil features of holding companies, the gradual ta pering off of the emergency credit ac THERE were huge sighs of relief In the chancelleries of Europe when the success of the conversations In Rome between Forelgu Minister Pierre Lavai or in-ance and Premier Musso lini was announced In formally. For two days the two states men discussed the points at issue between their nations and con ditions In general in central Europe. Emerg ing from the last of mM their meetings, Laval, , smiling Droauiy, nam Pierre Laval tQ & gn)Up of Frcncn and Italian war veterans. "I am glad to tell you that Premier Mussolini and I are now In complete accord." Without waiting for an official com munique, those best Informed said Laval and 11 duce had reached a full agreement, the principal features of which are a Joint declaration to pre serve the Independence of Austria, a five or six power pact of nonlnterfer-onr-P nnd provisions for colonial con cessions In Africa. The pact agreeing not to Interfere with one another's In- tivities of government, ana improve- nrMllmablv will Include and metn- -,.-,, kna. A day is coming when no man will do anv work harder than pressing a button, and science, Incidentally, will make crime obsolete. For instance, the Joliet (111.) Jailer sent a fat "trusty" outdoors for a cigar, and the automatic "electric eye" at the gate saw him, flashed a light and the Innocent fat "trusty" was searched. A small metal shoehorn was found In his big loose shoe. The electric; eye flashes when any body passing the gate has any sort of metal In bis possession. No prisoner's friend hereafter can take in a pistol, file or steel saw. If you buy alcoholic drinks, buy from dialers In whom you have confidence. The federal government has seized one million one hundred thousand empty whisky, wine and liquor bottles to pre vent bootleggers refilling them with bootleg supplies. An empty whisky bottle, bought for two cents, filled with eight cents' worth of bootleg whisky, may mean profit for the bootlegger and mean poison for the consumer. Buy from a retailer whom you trust, who buys from those who manufacture legally, and buy brands that you know. To comfort those appropriating and spending large sums of public money fighting the depression It can be said, quite reasonably, that there would be no danger In spending $100,000,000,000 more, considering that the normal in come of the United States, In really good times. Is close to $100,000,000,000. If a man spent one or even two years' income to settle all his troubles you'd think the price reasonable. It would be a silly mistake, of course, to issue the $100 000,000,000 !n bonds and pay out another $100, 000,000,000 for interest, unnecessarily. That needs to be said and will be said quite often. To read that Harry MacCracken, aeventv-flve-year-old retired cattle puncher, Jumped up when a bandit told him to sit still, and "drilled" the bandit through the shoulder, is mildly Interesting. It Is more Interesting to read that it happened in a "subur ban liquor store" of Colorado, where MacCracken apends-hls time sitting by the stove, "whittling." To sit whit tling by a liquor store-stove seems a arrange occupation for one seventy five years old, who knows that time Is whittling away his few remaining lays. The AAA asks congress for com plete authority over ail crops, all farm activities, and for $40,000,000 to $00, 000,000 to move farmers from poor terms to better farms. It Is all benevolently planned; but many a farmer would prefer to stamp bis foot and clap bis hands In the old .independent way.. ' The end of prohibitkro hat not yield ed all that was promised, and hoped for, to reform ; and m eaah. Two thirda of n the whisky sold u stm booties- whKky. That cheats Uncle .Y-. - . . . tfc earn, ana pouow uhwj ui , -whisky. oV-j .- -V' In big New tort city, many went to fcospita- after a "gay" New Tear's wve. It little consolation to know that the number of alcoholism .cases was somewhat smaller than during - prohibition years. 1 nnn Retirement 00 6. Refunds 64.946,200 7 Recover and relief 4.682,011.4.6 8. Supplemental items (for above groups 1 to 4 inclusive) 40,000,000 Total expenditures. .18,520,413,608 Total receipts for the same period are put at $3,1)01,004,0:19, so the esti mated delicit will be $4,528,508,1170. Of the recovery and relief fund the President asked that $4,000,000,000 be placed at his disposal to he allocated by him "principally for giving work to those unemployed on the relief rolls." Here are some other vital things disclosed by the message: The national debt will increase from L$:n ,000,000,000 at the close of this fis cal year to $34,'y,oou,uw. No new taxes are requested. on- gress is asKea to couuuue nuisance taxes which expire soon and the 3-cent stamp rate. A national defense appropriation or $899,948,065 the greatest In the his tory of the country is requested. A total of 137,134 teuerai women are to be dismissed. The $2,811,000,000 gold profit has not been disturbed. Veterans pensions in ido win ren the staggering total of $704,000,000. The accumulated New Deal aencit for three years on June 30, 1936, will total $11,700,000,000. While the trend of recovery ana re lief expenditures is downward, regular federal expenses will increase. This Is due In part to a 5 per cent pay res toration for federal workers which in volves $65,000,000. It seemed certain that some of the President's proposals would start bit ter tights in congress. Old line Repub licans Insisted that such "squandering" of the nation's resources would lead to inflation and bankruptcy. The more radical legislators thought that four billions for work relief was not enough. Lots of senators and representatives resented the President's request for a free hand in allocating that fund, feel ing he was infringing on their preroga tives. But the administration forces In congress are so overwhelming that there was no doubt that the budget would be accepted as presented. ment In our taxation forms ods. "We have already begun to feel the bracing effect upon our economic sys tem of a restored agriculture. "The hundreds of millions of addi tional Income that farmers are receiv ing Is finding its way Into the chan nels of trade. "The farmers' share of the national Income Is slowly rising. The economic facts Justify the widespread opinion of those engaged In agriculture that our provision for maintaining a bal anced production gave at tills time the most adequate remedy for an old and vexing problem. "For the present and especially in view of abnormal world conditions, ag ricultural adjustment with certain nec essary improvements in methods should continue." PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT In his message to congress, delivered In person at a Joint session, offered the law-makers a "new nnd greatly en Urged plan" of work relief. He did not estimate its cost, but asserted that the system of outright doles should be dropped and the government should undertake projects of slum clearance, grade crossing elimination and other public works that wouia give empioy ment to about &500.000 persons now without lobs. The figures to be pro posed for this were reserved for his budget message, but he assured con gress that they would be ithln the sound credit of the government." Mr. Roosevelt declared the gains made in the year 1834. were greater than tha losses and ex Dressed "a strong hope in the coming year." Be reasserted his belief in tne -prom mo tive" but ottered a warning against wealth "which, througa excessive pror lta. creates undue private power over private affairs, and, to our mlsfortune.J over public affairs as weii. imu, nat urally, was taken as applying espe cially to the public service interests. which have been .to apprenennve w th administration's intentions. ; ' Am for a ieglsta tire program, -the president made no attempt to outline one, bat he did promise that definite legislation soon would be proposed cov rinr old art and oiemployment In- aarance, ' benefits for ehildreif and Bothers, aad other feature of his so cial security plan - ' " ' Be declared the nation was making headway toward the "new order,' bat trader the framework of the Constitu tion, and be spoke of the Increased In dustrial activity, benefits to agrfcul tnre and profits to merchants that have been realised. Then came this stern warning: PETROLEUM control provisions of the National Industrial Recovery act, specifically section 9 (c), are held by the Supreme Court of the United States to be Invalid as unconstitu tional abdication of legislative power to the President. Eight of the Justices united In rendering this decision, Jus tice Cardozo alone dissenting, and it was read by Chief Justice Hughes. The section declared void authorized the President to ban Interstate Ship ment of "hot" oil that Is, oil pro duced In excess of state quotas. While the opinion did not deal with other phases of the recovery act. It aroused widespread speculation as to disposition of other cases. This was the first major "New Deal" case to come before the court'' Some legal au thorities pointed out that application to the act generally of the principle found untenable In this case might undo much recovery legislation. The petroleum code Itself was not involved In the decision. However, the decision was believed to finish the work of the federal tender board established as a regulation Issued un der authority of the provision In volved. Emergency legislation by congress to remedy the situation and to meet the objection of the court was re ported to be an Immediate likelihood. THE Seventy-fourtli congress, elect ed on the sole issue of support of the New Deal, began Its first session on the dot and devoted Its first day to the organization of the two houses and the shearing In of new members. The lawmakers assembled In the Capitol were a serious looking lot. and with reason, for they have on their hands a big Job, that of mnklng the New Deal permanent ; and In the doing of it they must solve some of the most perplexing problems that our national legislators ever have faced. It would seem that the Democrats will have no trouble in passing any legislation they wish, for they have an overpowering majority, In the speaker's chslr sits Joseph T. Byrns, chosen unanimously by his fel low Democrats. He Is too much of a compromiser to suit many of them, but Is now tied to the administration, which declined to oppose his election. John EL Bankhead of Alabama, like Bvrns one of the old school, won the leadership of the house after a brief truea-le. Senator Joseph Robinson ox Arkansas was re-elected majority ieaa er of the senate, and Senator Lewis of Illinois continues as whip. In their pre-eesslon caucus the Dem ocrats voted to reduce materially the Republican representation ' on boose committees, and decided to abrogate the 145 role for discharging a commit tee and bringing a bill to vote with in a week. The number now required for this action is 218. Italy, Czechoslovakia, Jugoslavia, Aus tria, and Hungary; and later TSng land, France and Rumania may be asked to adhere to It This Franco-Italian rapprochement, In the opinion of many high officials, will go far toward Insuring the mainte nance of peace In Europe, and In time may lead Germany to re-enter the League of Nations. TSLANDS In the Pacific held under 1 mandate by Japan, and which she says she never will give up though she has left the League of Nations, are virtually closed to foreign visitors, in violation of the treaty of Washington. The permanent mandates commis sion of the league has reported that sums Japan announced she spent pure ly for civil and commercial purpose on ports on these Islands are dispro portionate to the volume of commer cial artlvitv. Further particulars on the expenditure were asked in the next Japanese report. A Tokyo representative In his pre vious report sought to allay "suspi cions" expressed in Geneva that Japan is building fortifications or construct ing naval bases in the Marshall, Caro line, Ladrone or Pelew Islands, granted her after the World war. The mandates commission has Is sued a communique saying "suspicions are constantly giving rise to comment In the world press, and one method of refuting them would be to afford free and unrestricted access to the Islands for foreign travelers and vessels." National Topics Interpreted bv William Bruckart jews sSrSMrs ifiit.syrs quest for the new spend. . , r National appropriations, finan- Among the Presidents friends. I n- clal students are have heard private expressions that wondering more and Mr. Roosevelt had been misled by some more when the end of this government of the group who WWj spending Is to come. It will be re- start of the administration. Jhese membered that Mr. Roosevelt said a men referred to a number of the so year ago that the total public debt called Progressive Republicans like the should not exceed $31,834,000,000 and LaFollettes. Morris, Hiram Johnson of that that figure should be reached California, and Bronson Cutting of around June 30, 1935. When It Is con- New Mexico. Several of these were sidered that the present public debt so well liked by the exceeds $28,500,000,000, it becomes they were Invited to enter his caDinei. difficult to understand how the Presl- Consequently, there are those who be dent will succeed In sticking to his lleve that Mr. Roosevelt original assertion to hold the national advice of the Progressive Jt e.ublicaD debt at the figure named. group much more closely than leaders The Treasury department has Just among the old-time Mata. Most released Its annua, report and this re- of the Progressive Kcan. are veals an increase In the public debt of spenders at heart, J approximately six trillion dollars since general view here. An the, .are rtso June 30. 1933. an eighteen months' rec- men -who regard a b'andh.b"fl8et " on. It has made the total cost of the not very Important So, while no one recovery spenorng -program aggregate can say definitely what influences al sTmethtag ovef twelve billion dollars tered the President's stand. It certain Z January 1. 10M. when the spend- 1, la regarded among observers here C spree really began. To make the as being a situation In which the wind vast Tmoun, "mor? readily compre- makes the straws point toward the so henslble. if you take the time to figure called PnPrt as ' "'taKJgJ It out you will find that the govern- hands with the President In ment has been spending borrowed what has come, to be the greatest out money at the rate of almost twenty- pouring of taxpayers' money, except In three thousand dollars a minute in the war -time, since our government was last four years. To illustrate further established. . . the magnitude of, this sum a figure ex- - mmrresa pert here has calculated that there has Organization df the new congress hoen about one billion minutes since has resulted m a new .-r,, ... . - the birth of Christ and, therefore, the federal government In the last four years has added about twelve dollars to the public debt for eacn ot tne min utes since Christ came on earth. But to get back to the present plan verv old cry. but It la "South in new, since we have the Saddle" not hear(1 u ,n Mteea years. The cry we are hearing now from Republicans and from northern Democrats Is the wail DEMOCRATS of Rhode Island sur prised themselves and everyone else by gaining control of both houses of the state general assembly when, a senate committee recounted the ballots from Portsnioumh and South Kingston and declared two Democrats had been elected to the senate Instead of the two Republicans who had been certified as winners by the state returning board. The Democratic legislators Im mediately organized the assembly, abolished the state appointed hoard of public safety and passed a reorganisa tion bill to consolidate more than 80 agencies Into 11 state departments. MSB Speaker Byrns PREMIER R. B. BENNETT of Can ada, appealing for support for. his administration,, promises to give the Dominion a "New Deal" that bears close resemblance to president Roose velt's economic and social program. : Among the reforms the premier In dorsed were? Contributory employ ment insurant a remodeled old-age nenaioa scheme: health, sieknesa and accident . insurance, amendments to the income tax laws to correct In equality of wealth distribution, mini mum wages and maximum hours of work, and farther legislation la the Interests of farmers. PRESIDENT ROOSKVELT Uia noi wait for- the opening of congress to start his fight against Immediate payment of the veterans' bonus. The commnnder of a Legion post in Texas wrote him for Information on the mat ter and Mr. Roosevelt replied at length, detailing his reasons for opposing the payment He argued that tne onuga tlon Is not immediately due; that of a,r00,000 certificates outstanding. 3,038,- B00 veterans have borrowed Jl,690,000, 000. or "more than the present worth of their bonus certificates," and tnar. when the veterans borrowed 50 per cent of the face value of the certificates in 1931 they uesd the funds to discharge their debts. This last point, according to Nation al Commander Belgrano of the Ameri can Legion. Is one of the strongest ar guments for Immediate payment of the adjusted service certincaiea. Sneaker Byrns admitted tnai tne cash bonus bill would pass the house "because there Is no opposition to It there," but he added that If the meas ure Is finally enacted the administra tion will Insist on some additional tax ation to meet the estimated $2,000,000, 000 expenditure. It la believed the senate also will pass the bill, bat lead ers doubt Its passage by congress over the Presidential veto that is garded as a certainty. rrWO thousand eight hundred bllla were Introduced and referred to committees on the first day of the new MiHnn. Number 1 handed- io by Representative - Wright Patman of Texas, provides- for the payment of the adjusted service certificates of vet erans immediately in cash through the Issuance of greenbacks. Patman and other supporterr jof this plan call it Controlled Inflation." - -'.V i ESmke of .North Dakota. Republican, Introduced a measure for the liquida tion and refinancing of agricultural t indebtedness. -The liquidation would be carried out at a reauceo rate or interest, according to the bill. by es tablishing a efficient credit system. through the use ef the federal farm loan and federal reserve banking sya tern. Lemke also provided for the cre ation of a board of agriculture to annervlae the program. . Continuance of the HOLC was pro- .vnut bv several ' congressmen. The hnnd Issue of this agency would be In creased anywhere from one billion te four and a 'half billion dollars la the various bills Introduced on tne suojeci. 'I . . . ,. l 1L. Uln presentation of the budget with Its that "the soutn maximum outlay of around seven bil- While there certainly nbe noth ng lion dollars recalled to some leaders criminal about the South being In the the assertion by the President respect- saddle, it provides a grand political Is- ng tlTtopmcit limit for the public sue both within the Democratic ranks debt In the budget message which he and between the Democratic party and presented Just a year ago Mr. Roose- what Is left of the Republicans la reU boldly stated his belief that "the congress. It also touches a question government should seek to hold the that has been discussed many times, nubile debt" to the figure of $31,834,- namely, the wisdom of the seniority 000000 rule in congress. The seniority rule pro- Furthermore," he added, "the gov- vldes that the oldest members In the ernS during the balance of this point of service shall I Inherit commit- criendar year should plan to bring Its tee chairmanships and " "' 5s30 expenditures Including recover, er positions of honor In the house and and relief within the revenues expect- senate. .,. ed In the fiscal year 1930." The fiscal . Out of the 69 Democratic senator year 1936 begins next July ! And only 24 come from what Is frequent pronouncements from the the solid South. Of the 817 Deroocnit- Whlte House, have made It clear that ic members of the k"1 a balanced budget In that Ime la quite 100 are .thoroughly acquainted unlikely. ' In addition, " the treasury yell of the Confederacy, let lo the face- said In Its annual report that taxes of this tremendous growth of Demc- always lagged behind"" In reflecting re- crarlc membership coming out of the covery of the country. Tor example. North and the West, the South 1 income taxes to be paid n March 15, i the saddle more solidly than ever. 1936, and in the Subsequent Install- The speakership of the house went ments of that year will be the result t0 Representative Byrns of Tennes- of levies on earnings or. tne current i eee, who succeenea to me pm calendar year. ' No one expects earn- j Tacat by the late Henry T. Ralney of ings In 1935 to be normal. It is on- minols. Mr. Byrns naa oeen vewsr vlous. therefore, that the balnnclng of cratc leader and his promotion left a .. k.,h tn th fiscal vear begin- I .-n.npv to which Representative Will lUU(,v I r - - . . -nlng July 1. 1935. becomes almost a Bankhead of Alabama was elected. physical Impossibility unless tne rres- tnn8 moving leanersnip niniiur w j a. l.ilT Hn thO linPVTeCLtU l I Gmith Til ft . OI1IV rlUIII. II " 1 1 It'll I BIIA'UIU w -" I UUU - " - ' cutting off every one of the sixty-five or more recovery and relief agencies and should cut off all federal tunas for relief of the destitute, ir wax were done. It Is estimated by fiscal ex nerts that ordinary receipts by the treasury would come close to meeting the ordinary cost of the regularly es tablished governmental agencies. There had been frequent contentions by avid New Dealers that Mr. Roose velt 8 second uuugci President's recommendations VievosChange Prov,de c,ear r,ew picture of his gener al fiscal policies. If their statements plum, that went north or the Mason and Dixon line was the selection of Representative O'Connor of New York, as chairman of the rules committee. In the senate we see Vice President Garner, the presiding officer, a Texan. The majority leader is Senator Rob inson of Arkansas. The powerful com mittee on finance Is presided over by Uarrison of Mississippi; the senate committee on banking and currency is controlled by Fletcher of Florida ; and the committee on agriculture is bead ed by Smith of South Carolina. Oue could go on and name many others al though I believe the consensus Is that the seniority rule has not woreu w - .v, --.nitari in netting I n. manv duds for senate com reniniu wuc, uv , puuuw - up one of the most paradoxical conai- mittee chalrmansnips as ua w.u.. tlons In the history of this nation. I m the house. Looklna back over the whole Roose- ....'' i. velt period, the thing which observ- Democratic leaders in tne nouse uav ers have never been able adequately made certain that they will not be em to explain!, who or what effected the . J" change In the Presidents views ou p - fundamental financial questions. It Is Radical, O".1" too obvious to precipitate an argu- . a " r ' jT- rZZT .J? d.mh. cw. have .in thev were constantly harassed by back to bis the radical, who sought toforce vote. .. hi. oBmnnim aneechea and the his, -advmers oio u -" " . ' . .. J aann fr A I wmniriIC with the subsequent spending ana oor- wnat -"-" - , - - rniprognS to which hi. adminls- committees. But that rule J been SSon hasidulged. It win be k .mewled ao that to Invoke It nJ. caHed that Mr. Roosevelt declared to toally majority f the house will his inaugural .peec an intention to nave to . balance the budget and wipe out the rjnder the previous rule, the slgna- deflclt left on his lap by tne oover i tore or iao meiuue u ---.jiMt. v n went - on to say I mifficient to compel the discharge of that If congress in Its generosity voted J committee from consideration of any soma that placed tne ouag u i piece oi ieau .-w balance it was under uie-neranj action, i u? Dtuv the same time to provide taxes to nature, was obtained In three embar- ralae the excess mmk '-' rasslng case, last year. The aoraiers Since there can be bo dispute that, bonna bill was brought out by that lir. Roosevelt's views have cnangea i method; the rraxier-Lme arm dwiv and he ha. acted in accoraance wm i Kage nutation om - bis new found principles, tne uiteren- house vote in urn name ommrer, , v, ing thing la who brought about the re- , The new bouse organisation, how- vision of view, on the part of the wer, to determined not to be embar- President." Some of the President'. nMe )B that manner.;-It succeeded. , virulent critics have asserted In the ln Democratic caucus binding on all " opening days of - congress that t Mr. Democrats in having the original Roosevelt wae wholly uninformed as m, amended ao-that now there most to the needs with which be was con- a majority of all house member, fronted when he was making his cam- oxing their signatures to the die- palgn speeches. They say he found rj. petition before it becomes op- hia orhrlnal promise to be an wet and -rative. - ' tank the only alternative to stave 1 . eiaunimpwriiiia.'
The News-Record (Marshall, N.C.)
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Jan. 17, 1935, edition 1
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