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WHO’S NEWS THIS WEEK ■ - By LEMUEL F. PARTON NEW YORK.—Mrs. Ella A. Boole. the iron chancellor of prohibi tion, goes into action again, with Sen. Morris Sheppard of Texas and several other fa Mrs.E.A.Boole mous old-time Girds Sword in dry leaders who DryComeback think they see . * new and arid day dawning. A friend of this writ er, scouting material for a maga zine article on a trip through the Middle West, says the drys are com ing back like an army with banners. Too many saloons, too much co educational elbow-bending, too many tangles between barleycorn and automobiles, too much putting of corners to meet heavy tax and license costs—all this, and more, is rallying the drys for a return en gagement, say the above and other detached observers. The massive and deliberate Mrs. Boole is 80 years old and looks mnch less. In New York, she addresses the luncheon of the state W. C. T. U., commemo rating the centenary of the' birth of Frances E. Willard, founder of the W. C. T. U. Her firmly set spectacles with gold bows, her crown of abundant white hair, the stern godliness of her features all are as they were. Nothing whatever has been re pealed in Mrs. Boole’s person or ideas. For more than 50 years she has been fighting alcohol. With her hus band, the late William H. Boole, pastor of the Willett Street Method ist church, she waged war against the Bowery dives, away back in the eighties. She had come from Woos ter, Ohio, an alumna of the Uni versity of Wooster, where, immedi ately after her graduation, she had taken up her life-work for pro hibition. From 1909 until 1919, there was no important piece of anti-liq uor legislation in which she did not participate. In 1925, she became national president of the W. C. T. U., and, in 1931, world chairman. During the prohibition years and in the preceding years of strife, she was the head of the com bined prohibition board of strat egy, shrewd, resourceful, tire less. Fittingly, her citadel is still a little Van Wert, Ohio, hedge-bordered house, set down in Brooklyn, bolding its middie western ground far in the enemy territory. As does Mrs. Boole, still standing firm and unshaken in her fiat-heeled shoes. IN THE last 14 years. Dr. Donald A. Laird of Colgate university has written 14 books and 500 articles, but has inspired many more than Novel Ideas of Dr. Laird Rate Display that He has been heaven’s blessing to the make-up man, needing a snap py little box to dress a page. As : Dr. Laird retires, to engage in re- j search at the callow age bf 41, here are just a few of his stimulating findings: Horizontal thinking is best. It is quite possible that a new stage of evolution is setting in which will take us back to all fours. When you feel jittery, snap up some red meat. Some, cases of second sight are explained by an odorless scent which almost, but not quite, wells up into conscious ness. If you feel rotten today, you will be happy in just 28 days, as that is the life-ordained cycle •f hope and despair. The Dionne quints are in dan ger of growing up to be man haters—on account of women nurses and governesses. Brains are sluggish in sum mertime. Eat candy to fight oil sleepi ness at work. Never count sheep to put your self to sleep. It doesn’t work. Noise makes city people small er than country people. Women employees are more adaptable than men and stay longer on the job. Many of these discoveries have been made by Dr. Laird in his re search as a consultant for concerns in heavy industries, in which field he has been busy and distinguished. He is a world authority on noise and sleep. Farm-reared in Indi ana, be was educated at the Univer sities of Dubuque and Iowa and taught at many universities before joining the Colgate faculty 14 years ago. He has been out in front in the above novel ideas, with the ex ception of the one about our get ting back to all-fours. That has been evident for at least seven years, as revealed by prevailing trends in world politics. * C Consolidated News Features. WNU Service. » -Weekly News Analysis U. S. May Force Orient Peace Through Guam Defense Gossip L_By Joseph W. La Bine— Asia On December 31, January 14 and January 19, respectively, the U. S., Britain and France warned Japan that they disliked her violation of China’s ’’open door.” Nothing hap pened. So painful was the silence that China’s Foreign Minister Wang Chung-Hui finally suggested that de mocracies might be using the wrong tactics. His proposal: To follow these strong diplomatic notes with formal proposals of settlement, even unto actual terms. What Foreign Minister Wang for got is that neither the U. S. nor France nor Britain yet feels obligat ed to beg for peace with Tokyo. But if Japan would make the overture—. And that is precisely what the U. S. state department now seems bent on making Japan do. As the crow flies, Guam lies 1,500 miles southeast of Tokyo. This 150 THE ISLAND OF GUAM Mr. Lippmann stated the case. square-mile tract has belonged to the U. S. since 1898, lately becom ing a potentially important base for Pacific commercial aviation. But since Japan began flashing her fangs Guam has become even more important as an outpost to protect America’s back door. The need for such an outpost is illustrated by Ja pan’s illegal fortification of nearby, mandated Caroline and Marianne islands. Official Washington thinks Japan is using outlaw tactics in her Chi nese invasion, her illegal fortifica tions and—of less importance to the U. S.—by threatening to fish Rus sian waters whether Moscow ap proves or not. When President Roosevelt’s $552,000,000 emergency defense, program reached congress, an item of $44,000,000 was listed for naval air and submarine bases. Now this has been boosted to $65,000,000, and $5,000,000 of the sum would be authorized at Guam for deepening the harbor, making landing fields and enlarging marine barracks. This drew from Japan exactly the protest Washington expected and wanted. When Tokyo objected that Guam’s fortification would be an ag gressive move, the White House commented that Columnist W’alter Lippmann’s remarks just about fit ted the picture: “Congress should authorize the fortification of Guam, and then the state department should invite the Japanese to dis cuss the question under Article XIX of the Washington treaty (nine-pow er pact guaranteeing China’? open door). In this discussion we could say to the Japanese if they do not wish Guam to be fortified they might return to the treaty by dis mantling fortifications in the man dated islands.” President Roosevelt has remained free of the controversy by pointing out that congressional authorization for rearmament is one thing, but that authorization is worthless with out appropriations. Meanwhile the game of democra cy vs. dictator became still more bitter as Japan at once tightened her belt and stuck out her tongue. As the diet opened its new session in Tokyo, Premier Kiichiro Hiranu ma announced (1) that wartime con trol measures would be placed on a permanent basis and (2) that Japan has no alternative other than to “exterminate those who fail to un derstand” her aim in China. I Trend TELEVISION—British Broad casting corporation, celebrating the second anniversary of televi sion, announces 10,000 picture re ceivers are now being used in England. MONET—Idle credit resources of federal reserve bank members have reached an all-time record high of $3,560,000,000. DROUTH — The Southwest’s "dust bowl” is in its best condi tion since 1932 with 13,752,118 acres planted to cover crops and only 2,664,000 acres expected to be subject to wind erosion this year. CONVENT—Henceforth gov ernment troops may be billetted in the premises of Austrian con vents. ARMT—Current increases in the U. S. army will boost the na tion from tenth to eighth ranking in world military forces. Said Foreign Minister Hachiro Arita: “What Japan desires is the creation of a new order which is to secure the permanent peace of east Asia, that is to say, the construc tion of a new east Asia upon an eth ical foundation wherein Japan, Man chukuo and China, while each pre serving her independence and indi viduality, will stand united and linked together for active collabora tion and mutual aid . . Germany Dr. Hjalmar Horace Greeley Schacht gained a good world name by rescuing the German mark dur ing post-war inflation. He has head ed the Reichsbank ever since, switching over to Nazidom despite its unorthodox policies of self-suf ficiency which are diametrically opposed to recognized economic and political principles. Though Ger many’s finances have suffered through foreign trade losses, Doctor Schacht was miraculously able to restore a measure of economic pros perity. But this has been a personal vic tory, won not through Nazi merits but through Schacht friendship. Be cause he held such a good name, Doctor Schacht was able to travel in select foreign circles where Nazis Hitler, Goering and Goebbels would not be accepted. Result: He wangled many a foreign trade con cession, especially from England. The belief that he may have been wolfish despite his sheep’s clothing is further illustrated by the Schacht plan for disposing of German Jews, whereby democracies would agree to stimulate consumption of Nazi exports. But Doctor Schacht has been sum marily dismissed as Reichsbank president, a sudden coup which ob servers can interpret in either of two ways: Pro-Schacht. Because of the unique confidence foreigners place in Doctor Schacht, Reichsfuehrer Hitler.may believe him more useful as an international salesman than a banker. Since he is to remain in the cabinet (without portfolio) there are rumors he will attempt to peddle GERMANY’S WALTHER FUNK IJ ill Dr. Schacht become a salesman? Jews and exports abroad, mean while speeding up the return of war lost German colonies. Anti-Schacht. His successor to the bank presidency is Dr. Walther Funk, economics minister who champions the Reich’s barter trade principle. This theory differs as night and day from U. S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull’s reciprocal trade system, and Doctor Funk’s ap pointment indicates Germany will continue to expand her foreign trade along unorthodox barter lines. But an even greater fear of Ger man bondholders is inflation. Long a foe of excessive borrowing. Doctor Schacht saw his financial sugges tions abandoned time and again last year as the Austrian anschluss, Czech crisis and Sudeten acquisition drew Germany deeper into the red. That inflation is coming may be in dicated by the fact that 1938 saw currency circulation rise 20 per cent, bank clearings 50 per cent and bank deposits, 15 per cent. Medicine Until the New Deal, socialized medicine received little publicity. Last spring President Roosevelt ap pointed an inter-departmental com mittee to investigate health pro grams, this group subsequently clashing with the American Medical association and bringing to a head monopoly charges now pending against the association. Predictions are that the U. S. will inaugurate its comprehensive public health pro gram before the justice department gets around to hearing A. M. A.'s case, thereby lessening the value of this proceeding. The prediction is bearing fruit in President Roose velt’s long range health program just presented to congress. The program: Beginning imme diately, federal-state expenditures would be increased to $850,000,000 annually by 1949. Funds would go generally *fo help poor people re ceive medical and hospital care, to establish clinics, encourage vaccina tions, develop maternal and child welfare clinics and stimulate dis ease-control measures. Treasury In 1934 congress gave President Roosevelt two broad monetary pow ers. Under one he could reduce the dollar’s gold content by 50 per cent, though since 1934 the rate has been 59.06 per cent Under thai other power the President created a currency stabilization fund with increment accruing from the gov ernment’s revaluation of gold hold ings. Originally estimated at $2,000,000,000, the fund is used to protect the dollar’s value on inter national exchange, preventing undue fluctuations. Both powers expire June 30 and the White House has already asked that they be renewed until the cur rent presidential term expires Jan uary 15, 1941. Although lawmakers consider neither grant dangerous, the mere fact that gold devaluation and the stabilization fund are "pow ers” is enough to make this year’s fiery-eyed congress balk. Biggest opposition will grow out of the treasury’s refusal to divulge even the size of the stabilization fund, the two-billion-dollar figure be ing only a guess. Though softened by well-substantiated reports that the government made about $6,000, 000 profit on the fund last year, Michigan’s Sen. Arthur Vandenburg is expected to demand a full public accounting before voting to continue the President’s power. Taxation Two former U. S. treasury secre taries, Andrew W. Mellon and Og den L. Mills, condemned the in equity of tax exempt federal, state and local bonds. Since his “soak the-rich” revenue proposal of 1935, President Roosevelt has fought tax exempt securities and one other un popular exemption, that on federal, state and local employees’ salaries. If these exemptions could be abol ished the U. S. government figures it would net eventually $300,000,000 annually from government securi ties, plus $16,000,000 from employ ees’ income taxes. One day before the President of fered this program to congress in a special message, he sent Treas ury Undersecretary John W. Hanes to pave the way before a special senate committee. Said Mr. Hanes: “The time for action has come." The Constitution’s Sixteenth amendment gives congress power to “lay and collect taxes on incomes from whatever source derived,” therefore the administration thinks statutory enactment rather than constitutional amendment will suf fice. Later, after congress has spo ken, the courts can decide whether its action is constitutional. Argued Mr. Hanes: Tax exempt securities now per mit many large-income persons to escape income taxes entirely, there fore they are unfair. The $65,000, 000,000 in tax exempt securities now outstanding (of which some $50,000, 000,000 would be taxable) is so for midable that it discourages invest ment in private enterprises involv ing risk. Thus industry cannot com pete. As for income tax exemp tions, the U. S. Supreme court has already set a precedent by ruling that salaries of such quazi-public agencies as the Port of New York authority are subject to federal tax ation. As might be expected, state and local groups jumped into the fight overnight. Argued the Conference of State Defense: Tax yield would not approach the immediate treas ury estimate of $70,000,000 a year. Moreoyer it would work hardship on states and municipalities by increas ing financing costs. The statutory procedure would be unconstitution al. Most important, once congress’ power to tax income of state and lo cal securities has been established, a situation could arise in which con gress would attempt to tax state TREASURY’S HANES “The time for action has come.” revenues. Argued the U. S. Confer ence of Mayors, in a similar vein: Federal and state governments may recoup from income taxes the high er costs to municipalities in interest on their bonds. Observers thought income tax ex emption could be repealed easily, but were less confident about tax exempt securities. In Rome, Premier Benito Musso lini happily announced that 1,031,000 Italian babies were born in 1938, an increase of from 22.7 per thousand in 1937 to 23.6. • In Paris, the duke and duchess of Windsor moved into their modest new home, leased for two years. Bruckart’s Washington Digest Theory of Spending Ourselves Out Of Depression Seen Unwise Course Evidence in Congress of Definite Determination to Cut Down on Appropriations; Sound Sense of American People Always Finds Answers to Our Problems. By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, National Press Bldg., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON. — It always has been my conviction that the Ameri can people will find a sound answer to every national problem, if they are given the facts and the time to figure out what those facts mean. They may be swayed temporarily; they may be led or herded or threat ened and these conditions may put them in a wrong spot temporarily, but I repeat that if they are given time, the national conclusion, the collective thinking, will be along sound lines. They are demonstrating these thjngs as a fact, again. There is no doubt about it. For five or six years, a considerable majority of the nation’s citizenry was following the theory of spending ourselves out of the depression. It was an un sound course, obviously, but money was made to do a lot of-talking—as money in billions of dollars will talk. Lately, however, hardy Amer ican thinking has been carrying the majority back to normal under standing, and the influence of spend ing by the federal government is sagging, distinctly. Notwithstanding the. statements, frequently heard from Republican sources, that “you can’t beat Santa Claus,” or the variation that “you can’t beat $4,000,000,000,” there is plenty of evidence to show that there is quite a definite determination to quit that sort of thing. That is, there is a determination in most places outside of the so-called inner circle of New Dealers. Especially is this true in the halls of congress where, unless there is an earth quake, many important steps will be taken by senators and repre sentatives in the direction of sound er government finance. The old and familiar American traits of initia tive, of saving, of living within one’s income, are coming to the surface very rapidly and the restoration of these traits to places of respecta bility in American life is being re flected on capitol hill in Washington. Opposition to Philosophy Of Spending Breaks Loose It will be recalled how the oppo nents of President Roosevelt’s phi losophy of spending showed their mettle in the house of representa tives when that body voted to cut $150,000,000 off of the deficiency re lief appropriation. Mr. Roosevelt asked for $875,000,000. The cut was accomplished despite some hair raising stories from official sources in the administration that elimina tion of any of the requested funds would mean suffering, maybe star vation, maybe quick death, for many thousands of persons. Well, the house members (or a majority of them) did not believe those sfories, and thus they made a start at' cutting governmental spending. They gave an indication at the same time that-there must be a general revision of the federal government’s machinery for relief of the unemployed. During the de bate and in the corridors, one heard frequent expressions that congress had appropriated last year the funds the administration thought necessa ry to maintain relief until the end of next June. But profligate spend ing had used up the money and the professional relievers had returned for more. Some of the debate was quite acrimonious and various charges were hurled that the relief officials had tried again to "buy” the election, that being why the funds ran short. Immediately after the house was through with the relief bill, the op ponents of spending in the senate started after the appropriation. There were many in that body who wanted to appropriate only for two months, proposing that in the mean time there should be a brand new relief setup devised. But the ma jority sentiment was swayed by the general argument that, whatever the shortcomings of the Harry Hop kins relief methods, poor people should not be made the goats; it was no fault of the unemployed who needed help that Mr. Hopkins, now the secretary of commerce, had made a mess of the relief program. Beginning Only Foretaste Of What la Coming While it seems that a cut of $150, 000,000—which is about one-fifth the amount asked — represents some thing substantial, this beginning is only a foretaste of what is com ing. The spenders have had their innings for five or six years, or since Mr. Roosevelt’s "economy act" of 1933 was abandoned as a pattern of government. They have used various names and descrip tions, such as “pump primfiig” and spending to restore prosperity, etc. It appears now, however, that their days are numbered. I do not mean that everything in the way of gov ernment cash sop is going to be thrown out of the window at once. I believe I can see, however, that curtailment of federal waste has begun; that the national belt is go ing to be pulled tighter by a couple of notches and that, sooner or later, even the beneficiaries of the federal cash will note the stigma and slacken their demands. One of the leaders in this direc tion has been Sen. Hdrry Byrd, the Virginia Democrat, who is just as hard boiled in preserving a sound national government as his senior, the redoubtable Garter Glass. Through thick and thin, Senator Byrd has been attacking the spend ing policies, calling attention to the dangers of an increasing national debt and the certainty that the coun try as a whole must bear the bur den of added .taxation. He did this the while administration sharp shooters were firing one broadside after another at his head or hide. The other night, Senator Byrd got on the radio and told the country again what was happening. He had some new facts and figures about the situation. The Virginian asked some rather pertinent questions, too, about the situation in England. He pointed out that England has not been running deficit after deficit and that, as a matter of cold fact, while the United States was adding more than $21,000,000,000 to its national debt, England was balancing its budget and making some headway in reducing its national debt. States Take Heed and Start Cutting Expenses Due largely, the senator thought, to the fact that England had tried to live within its income as an in dividual would do, that nation had a national income in 1937 that was 118 per cent of its income in 1929. Which is to say that it was more prosperous than in 1929. Senator Byrd pointed out that this had hap pened while our government was running from a billion or so to five or six billions into debt each year. He suggested, moreover, that if the United States had done as well this country’s national income would now be $88,000,000,000 instead of the $60, 000.000,000 which was estimated for 1938. The thought was then ad vanced that England had not tried to “harry and frighten business” which was employing people who wanted work, not charity. There are other things happening besides the Byrd attacks and the congressional action on relief appro priations to indicate the growing strength of those who believe spend ing borrowed money has been, and is, unwise. Word has come through to Washington of the action of sev eral governors who are insisting that their states avoid getting into the hole. Governor Cochran of Ne braska, a Democrat, and Governor Bricker of Ohio, a Republican, each has put their respective state legisla tures on notice that expenditures are to be pared to the bone. There are otljers who could be named, but from the information we have here in Washington, Governors Cochran and Bricker are the outstanding ex amples. It might be said that these refer only to states and not to national policies. Very well. No state ex ecutive could get away with such a program unless he had the back ing of a majority of his own peo ple. If they believe that way about state affairs, there is no reason to think they will take a contrary view concerning the national treasury and funds which it must borrow to spend. ‘Pump Priming’ Gifts to States Force Them to Borrow Further, nearly all of the federal appropriations for ‘‘pump priming," when granted to states or lesser jurisdictions, are offered on condi tion that the state, or city or county, must put up an equal amount. In hundreds of cases in the last six years, this policy has resulted in states or lesser subdivisions of gov ernment being forced to borrow on its own bonds in order to get hold of the federal cash. The result: new debt. It becomes clear, therefore, that if the state executives insist on reduced expenditure^, they are un likely to accept these federal gifts because of the probable added debt burden. Another thing likely to happen in some of the states is added taxes. The state legislatures are due for an awakening as to the actual con dition of their state finances. Some may dodge it this year, but facts will have to be faced. When new taxes come, what a howl there will be! That howl will be heard in con gress, too, both concerning state and county and city taxes on the one hand and national taxes on the other hand. It appears to me that taxes will prove to be the best antidote for the poison of borrowing to spend that can be found. • Western Newspaper Union. ■ ..■' --Ti ----—7——, , POULTRY BRED FOR PRODUCTION: Dock RAISED FOR PROFIT: Chick SOLD BY QUALITY: Turkey MILFORD HATCHERY Plkecville P. O. • Rockdale. Mi Cross Stitch and Crochet for Linens Pattern No. 1872. Use this cross stitch and crochet on scarfs, towels and pillow cases and have linens you’ll be proud of. Pattern 1872 contains a transfer pattern of eight motifs ranging from 5 by 13V2 to 3% by 7% inches; directions and chart for the filet crochet; materials required; illus trations of stitches. Send 15 cents in coins for this pattern to The Sewing Circle, Needlecraft Dept., 82 Eighth Ave nue, New York, N. Y. Please write your name, ad dress and pattern number plainly. NEVER SLEEP ON AN “UPSET STOMACH Neutralize excess stomach acids to wake up feeling like a million To relieve the effects of over-indul gence — escape “acid indigestion” next day — ao this: Take 2 table spoonfuls of Phillips’ Milk oi Mag^ nesia in a glass of water—AT BEDTIME. While you sleep, this wonderful alkalizer will be sweetening your stomach... easing the upset-feeling and nausea . . . helping to bring back a “normal” feeling. By morn ing you feel great. Then — when you wake — take 2 more tablespoonfuls of Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia with orange juice. That is one of the quickest, sim plest. easiest ways to overcome the bad effects of too much eating, smok ing or drinking. Thousands use it. But — never ask for “milk of magnesia” alone — always ask for “PniH«ps’”Milk of Magnesia.^^^ PHILLIPS’ MILK OF MAGNESIA if IN LIQUID OR TABLET FORM WNU—4 5—39 JR Bk
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Feb. 2, 1939, edition 1
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