Newspapers / French Broad Hustler (Hendersonville, … / April 17, 1919, edition 1 / Page 6
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i.' r - .1 : ZTji Jjaggggggf r v m f (Continued from Page One) , bottom land is used for pasture and some of it is under cultivation. Considerably hard ditching and straightening of the Creeks has "oeen age districts which havj been con done at one time or another, and no sJiucted in North CxcJiiu. . t . ,. ar(1i Level areas require smaller co- loops or bad bends occur. Trees and ,P . v , . efficients cf run-off ratio of dram.e logs have fallen into the streams at Jg fof places which help to retard the flow. for small A drainace area having Some reck may be encountered in fan-shaped outline with r macro-is places also j tributary channels uniting to ienh an Mud Creelchasawidthof about 18 outlet at the small end of the fan, v.-ill have a comparatively high ruii-jff, b feet at the Flat Rock road increasing. , a ieet. at iue nay cause water from the greater part of in eet at the lower end, with ; to .eei at me llcoo the area will be concentrated la the banks five to six feet deep at these places, but considerably shallower at points between Bat Fork has an a - out,ine rage width of 12 feet and ceptn UnduIatin, or rotlmg lailcl3 vh:cIl feet increasing to a vuun or -u icct 1 . and shallow depth belov.- tne junction d , , neailov;? a-- raslures, give a lar;v of King Creek. King and Devils. (v,,c t Fork Creeks average from eight to ten feet wide and about four feet doe? me oeas oi ui u,, , , t!iS surFiu5 down the slope, the dra!n elevated by the deposition of sana anu. fficie;,t A.m be l2S3 than if uo silt until, in Places, they are now very - cTcia . i,i t-,. care ni Ulo. uau: t-"-ru-iU' little lower man uie uuuum itin. from the streams, and successful farm drainage is imposible. Overflows oc- . . rnr fronuentlv and the constricted . , , cur iiequenny anu ... The re-v only reliable method to and shallow channels prevent us - - J ana snduuw 'employ in determining what run-oft Tanid removal Tne banks or the . rapia removal. 'should be used in the design of ditches creeks have been built up by deports . a .,. ;for a drainage district, is to cont and the bottom land slopes oft grau- " ana tne Douom i v j ie district wh,ch m03t uallv to the foot-hills, along which uaiiy to me , nearly resembles it, whose drainage the land is seepy and full ot springs. : me ldiiu , i . run-off has been ascertained, and sc- Although Mud Creek is located in ru" uu .Ue section of .he State, , eet a coefficient tor comput.nS ho where most of the streams are tor- outlet ditches. In the des.gn o, the xtntS in character, yet it h,s '-ttche. for th, Pmont of , . . Nc -"-; r:;?: ra. a run-oif of o-4 to small mil as couipaicu iu sm-u'-w the Piedmont section of the Sta'c Also the watershed is not as hilly ex- - cept at the headwaters of the streams, .general, found to be satisfactory in According to Mr. Justices survey, vestigations which have been conduct Mud Creek has a total fall of 21.47 jed by this office for the past six years feet in a distance of 5 1-2 miles be- on Third Creek, Iredell Couary. - C teen the Flat Rock road and John- indicate that for rainfall, tcpograpny, son's bridge, an average of about and other conditions like those in ttc o n thP n. Rat Fork ; Third Creek drainage area, araniae Creek has a fall of 15 feet in 3 1-2 j .... t..m ttwv m i - nines, anu uevus i-unv. j. - ; ' . , , r, n fpor i miles, LllUS aveiasms -- to the mile, respectively.. The ether creeks have fails slightly larger than this. The Mud Creek bottom lands extend to the French Broad River ana merge with the River bottom land. The bottom lands nearer the lower end are probably damaged more by obably damaged more y I tack water from the French Uroau River than by the overflow of the J uer man uy me u creek, and there is a question as to how much benefit they would derive by the dredging of the creek. It is I estirjated that a distance of a mile os-l two at the lower end of the district is affected by back water. - Located about 3 1-4 miles below the outlet of Mud Creek on the French Broad River, in Buncombe County, are what is known as the Buck Shoals (called locally Big Buck Shoals). The French. Broad River be tween Brevard, N. C, and Buck Shoals, a. distance of 'about thirty miles, is a rather placid stream with an average fall of about 1 1-2 feet o the mile. Beginning at the head of Buck Shoals, however, a succession cf shoals is encountered that, extends practically -to Asheville, N. C. Accord ing to a survey by the. War Depart ment Engineers in 1378, the French Broad River between the outlet of Mud Creek and the head of Buclc JShoals has a fall of 4.15 feet. Buck SholfsT2280 ieet long, has a total drop 'of 2.7S feet. Thus the tooii fail be tween the mouth of Mud Creek and the foot of Buck Shoals is 6.9S feet. It is the belief of some of the residents along Mud Creek, that this creek cnn nnt be sucessfully drained until ite ; ' . I Tiver is lowered by the removal of Buck Shoals. The effects of tcese shoals and back water from the river are discussed later on in this report. Rainfall and Run-Off In order to design a successful" sys tem of drainage for an area of lanG, account must be taken of the amount of water which must be removed through the proposed drainage chan nels. This surplus v.a.e. vn.c j W off through the draiaa3 channels j nels. This surplus water whic'i tabs lipid run-off The chief factors. aEectias th .to and total amount of run-off are: rainfall, topography; the size, shape and location of the water-shed: and character and culture of the iand. Rainfall is the most in sortant ele ment to be considered in the estima tion of run-off and topography c-oiues next. A region of heavy rainfall will generally be one of heavy runoff. According to the U. S. Weather - Bureau records, the Mountain section of North Carolina is subject to eouie of the heaviest precipitatirns m tne United States. Rock I .so. Macon County, N. C, near th" Georgia nne 3100 feet above sea-o-, and situated on the Southern 1o of U. Bue Kidge, receives on an average S-. inches of precipitation in the year greater amount than is received at any other station in the United States 'except on the North Pacific Coast). Hendersonville. elevation 21-37 Ret, . has an average annual precipitation of Q inches Th!a is yPSy h..-u- iv;r- greater than in any oi i!:e diain- lands are terraced so as to conserve 'a cart of tho water and distribute lUud Creek water-shed is largely un der cultivation although terracing !r .nrtirrrl tn ri laraa extent. ever the contributing improvements should provide for ilie above mantiouad amount of ran-ou. ,c . All the features of the Mud Creek drainage area seem to indicate that a rather large run-off is to be ex pected. A heavy rainfall, rolling topography, fan-shaped drainage area, unterraced cultivated fields, sand in the channels, lead to this con clusion. There is one feature, how ever, which may tend to relieve an ovronVA rvm-ofF and that is. that while the topography of the water- hed is rolling m character, it is not believed to be as hilly as many of the districts in the Piedmont section, ex; cep. Rt g head-waters of the streams. Taking everything : into consjdora- , ementi for Mud Creek should provide for a run-off of one inch depth over the water shed in 24 hours for satisfactory re sults. A rate of run-off larger than this no doubt at times occurs, but to provide a drainage system sufficient to carry without overflow the largest storms would require canals of enormous capacity. Their cost would in the case of most of the streams of the hilly section of the state render the projects impracticable be cause of the small amount of land benefited. It is generally conceded that a slight overflow covering a short period of time, with . good drainage afterwards, will net, as a rule, in jure the lands cr crops. Improvements Required As stated earlier in the report, the proposed district includes the im provement ox 8 31 miles of Mud Creek, 3 1-2 miles of Eat Fork Creek, 3-4 miles of King Creek, 2 miles of Devils Fori: Creek, 1-2 mile of Clear Creek and 1-i mile of Brittain's Creek, a total Qf 15 3-4 miles The work to be done on King, Clear and Brittan's creeks is for such short distances on each that it can easily be done by a dredge working up stream in them as it progresses down the main channel. A dredge placed in Bat Fork Creek at the upper end " -o- oi xne proposed district-m worxiir down stream to Mud Creek and thencs i 4.1. i r i r: tj on to the French Broad River, could m pis passage stop ana excavate up stream on King, Devils Fork, Mud and the Edneyville road, Brittan's and Clear Creeks in succession, before proceeding further down the main ditch. Some difficulty may be en countered in working up stream 2 miles on Devils Fork, and 1 1-4 miles on Mud Creek, but by building dams (the fall of these streams not being excessive), the entire project may be done with one dredge. On account of the comparatively . 1 4.1- J X -4. 1 flat in district as C0K1pared to other piedmont districts, and also w vu4ivA jl AVUliiVilb UlObl iv IO y U11U CiXOV because of the larger water-shed area oeiow tne junction of Clear Creek, canals of larger capacity will be re quired, and further, because of the present high prices for dredge work, the cost of reclaiming the bottom lands along Mud Creek will be con siderably higher than that of the pro jects that have been undertaken in the Piedmont section of the State, and for that reason may be considered prohibitive unless present economic conditions are taken into considera tion. In the following estimates of ditch (Hmsncinnc n mi'nitvin-.vi ,4.1, 1 n feet below the general surface of the i ground has been used for Mud and 4m -i t 4fx . iear creeps, ana v ieet tor Bat Fork, King, Devils Fork and Brit tan's creeks, with side slopes fixed at 1-2 horizontal to 1 vertical. A rate of fall around 4 feet to the mile has been assumed through out. With the assumed rate of run off (1 inch in 24 hours) the dimen sions given will provide for a flow line within about 1 foot or more of the top of the ditch at high water stage, except on Mud Creek below the FRENCH BROAD HUSTLER, entrance of Clear Creek, where the flow will be very close to the sur face of the ground. While this is not as large a margin of safety as might be desirable, yet it is believed that it will furnish fairly good drain age. Larger ditches would increase the cost considerably, and since the ditches recommended will be costly, the maximum flow line has been raised. Furthermore, these dimen sions are not based upon an actual Timfiip of the vallev average fall; a profile may indicate) that the sizes should be changed slightly. Based upon the aoove assumptions, for LIud Creek above the Edneyville road a ditch of 14 foot bottom width will be required, below this road to the junction of Clear Creel: it will be 25 feet, below Clear Creek 45 veet increasing to 50 feet near the French Broad River. All the other creeks will have ditches with 14 foot bottom widths, with the exception of Clear Creek which should probably be 25 feet wide. The alignment of the present chan nel is good, due to the former straightening, and they would prob ably be followed to a krp-e extent in vhe location of the new ditches, thus apparency making the actual depth of excavation iess than 9 to 10 feet as the case may be. Considering, however, that the highest land in the valley b usually adjacent to the sti earns, in order to obtain drainage for the lowest parts it wiii be desir able to excavate to the full depths as described above, and those depths are used in the estimate. The flood level of the French Broad River is probably around 8 feet above the lew water level, and in extreme cases goes on high as 13 or 14 feet. Assuming a rate of fall at the lowest end of Mud Creek of 4 feet to the mile, the creek would be subject to inundation from the river for a dis tance of 2 miles above its mouth, and in extreme cases o or 4 miles. Hence, the 2 miles or so where the creek bottoms merge those of the river will receive very little benefit from the construction of a ditch through Mud Creek. Furthermore, since the rains are'more or less general in this sec tion of the State, Mud Creek and the French Broad River will be in flood at about the same time, .and there will be a tendency to retard the flow of water in Mud Creek above, flood ing the lower bottom lando. Cos If the district is carried to the French Broad River, ic is estimated that there will be required the re moval of approximately 09,000 cubic yards of dirt, which perhaps could be contracted for at 10 cents per cubic yard. (At present, prices for dredge work are very uncertain.) Adding 10 per cent for engineering and other expenses, the total cost is estimated as ?1 05,500. For 2,000 acres of land assessed uniformity, this would mean about $53 an acre. The principal value of a ditch! through to the river will be to pro- vide for a rapid removal of the water above when that in the river begins to subside. Therefore, snecial care must be taken in assessing the bottom lands at the lower end because of the damage these lands receive from back water. This condition should be care fully considered, and the assessments near the river undoubtedly should be small.. Effect of Buck Shoals As stated before, according to a survey by the War Department engi neers in 1878, there is a fall of 4.15 feet in the low water level of the French Broad River, between the mouth of Mud Creek and the head of Buck Shoals, in a distance cf about 3 14 rnilps. Bnflr RVmjils. v:.ih ji length of 2,280 feet, have a drop in; that distance of 2.78 feet. The aver - age rate of fall m the river between J Mud Creek and the head of Buck Shoals is therefore 1.28 feet to the mile. The effect of the removal of Buck Shoals, if the low water surface be assumed as a straight line from Mud Creek to the foot of Buck Shoals, would be to increase the rate of fall to 1.88 feet to the mile, which it is believed would not appreciably either the low or the water level in the French Broad River, since the river has but a fall of about 2.00 feet for the mile be low tne Shoals and then flattens to almost- level to the head of Long Shcal. Furthermore, the high water discharge of the French Broad River is so -large that no increase in the cross-section of the river nor increase in rate or fall, for short distances, will improve conditions. Other Plans of Improvement Should it seem desirable to elimi nate from the proposed district those lands along the lower end of Mud Creek below the junction of Clear Creek, the new ditch could be stop ped one mile below Clear Creek and need only 25 feet in bottom width. This would make the total length of ditch excavation in the district 11 1-2 miles, and the excavation about 465, 000 cubic yards. On the same basis as before, 10 cents per yard, plus 10 percent, the cost is estimated $51, 150, or an average of ?42 per acre on 1,220 acres estimated in the dis trict. So-called partial or incomplete drainage for the lands below the mouth of Clear Creek could be ob tained by continuing the 25-foot ditch to the river. The estimated .excava tion for the district then would be about 722,000 cubic yards, and the cost about $79,400 or $40 per acre on 2,000 acres. This ditch, 25 feet in bottom width and 10 feet deen, would provide for 1-2 inch run-off in 24 hours (one-half the rate pro vided by the ditches recommended above the mouth of Clear Creek) and woul give satisfactory drainage dur-l ing a considerable portion of the' time. . Prevention of Sand Deposits Undoubtedly the present condition of the creeks is due largely to the fact that proper attention has not been paid to the protection of the hillsides in the past against eresion, and tons upon tons of sand have been washed down into the creeks, gradually filling them up. If the farmers on the uplands realized the value to their own farms of conserv Continued on Page Seven) HENDERSONVILLE, K. C City and County DIRECTORY CITY Mayor: C. E. Brooks. Town Council: J. W. Bailey, W. M. Bacon, A. H. Hawkins, John S. For rest, J. A. Fletcher, K. G. Morris. Tax Collector: G. W. Brooks- Chief of Police: Otis V. Powers. Superintendent Water Works and Streets: A. A. McCall. COUNTY County Commissioners: J. N. Russell (Chairman) J. A. Maxwell, S. J. Whit aker. Clerk of Court: C. M. Pace. Register of Deeds: A. O. Jones. Sheriff: Allard Case. Tax Collector and Treasurer: A. E. Hudgins. Superintendent Education: W. S. Shitle. Road Supervisor: P. F. Patton. Physician: Dr. L. B. Morse. Farm Demonstrator: Frank Flem ming". Attorney: O. V. F. Blythe. Register Births and Deaths: B. F. Hood. Board cf Health: J. N. Russell, (Chairman), W. S. Shitle (Secretary), Dr. J. L. Egerton, Dr. J. S. Brown, C. E. Brooks. CHURCHES First Baptist Dr. E. E. Bomar, Pastor. Services: Sunday 11 a. nu Sunday School, 9:45 a. m., N. Hollowell, Supt. M. East Hendersonville Baptist Rev. C. S. Blackburn, Pastor , Services: Sunday 11 a. m., and 7:30 P. m. Wednesday Night Prayer Meeting 7:30 p. m. . . Sunday School: 9:45 a. m., C Fullbright, Supt. S. Catholic Father Marion, Priest. Services: Sunday 11 a. m. Week days' 7:30 a. m. St. James Episcopal i r6v. A. W. Farnum, Rector. i - c. Q, 7.oa A n ' seces. Sunday 7:30 a. m., and 11 a- m- Sunday School: 9:00 a. m. Hethodist Rev. M. F. Moores, Pastor. Services: Sunday 11 a. m. Sunday School 9:45 a. m., Durfee, Supt. K1. E. Presoyterian Rev. J. F. Ligon, Pastor. Services: Sunday 11 a. m., and 7:30 p. m. Wednesday Evening Pray er Meeting, 7:30 p. m. Sunday School: 9:45 a. m. D Morey, Supt. A. II. TRAIN SCHEDULE Trains Southbound No. 42 7:35 a. m. No. 23.. ... 10:55 a. m. No. 10... . .4:35 p. m. Trains Northbound No. 41 .10.30 a. m. No. 9 t 1.05 p. m. No. 7 6.55 p. m. Toxiiivay Division No. 8 Leaves . . , No. G Leaves No. 5 Arrives . . . No. 7 Arrives... .11.10 a. m. . 4.50 p. m. .10.05 a. m. . . 4.15 p. m. INTEEUREAN COMPANY Lv. Hendersonville. Arr. Asheville Lv. Asheville Arr. Hendersonville. . . .9:30 a. m. .11:00 a. m. . .4:15 p. m. . 5:45 p. m. Ms Newspaper TMi IKi-filYlll' profitable for you to advertise in it If you nant a job If VOtX TVZLtlt & hire snmehrxiw M If yctt ivani to sett something If you ward to buy something t If you 'want to rent your house If you w ant to sell your house If If ya want to sell your farm If you want to Buy property If there is anything that you wani the quickest and best way to supply that wantis by placing an advertisement in this paper The results will surprise and please you repie u T a ADMINISTRATORS NOTICE Having qualified as administrator or the estate of JT. Osborne, deceases, Jate of the County of Hecdei son and State of Noh Carolina, this is to no tify all persons having cla.m against the estate oVveaid deceased to exhibit them to the undersigned on or before the 19th day of Mlrch, 192-), cr ibis notice will be plealed in bar of their recovery. All persons : tted to said estate will please mak immediate payment. This the 19t day of March, J. D. OSBORNE, Adminis Deceased. J. T. cborne, J-6t-p. ADMINISTRATORS NOTICE Having -qualineoas administrator of j Perry Williams deceased, late of Henderson' Cou4ty, N. C, this is to notify all pelons having claims against the estate&issaid deceased to exhibit them to the uiViersigned on or before the ISth day ofT March, 1920, or this notice will be j4Gaded in t)ar of their recovery. Al persons indebted to said es'tate will folease make imme diate payme- This the .Sth dky of March, 1918. J. ALLEN, 8-6t-c. Administrator Thrf BEST and CHEAPEST insnrance on earth 1 FORINSaDE and outside wol usb more: faint PRESERVE AND BEAUTIFY YOUR PROPERTY HENDERSONVILLE HI) IV. CO. 1 Dr. W. Vander Linden DENTIST Pnone351 Office ever Duff's Office: Over dr. e. a. McMillan (Successor to Dr. Y. T. Wallace) DENTIST Vifi.ce: BurchmyervBuilding, 4th Ave. Phone 442. Hfinilersonvllle. N. C. DR. EHRINGHA1 Dentlsty over J. O. William. fDERSONVILLTS, N. a DR. GpORGE WRIGHT OSTEOJ fcessor to Dr.' Tebeau Patterson Building Phone 105 1R. FOR SALE OR RET 3Iy residence located on feebron street, knrn as Hebron Lodge. Th-Juse con tains ninelagert?oms besides bath closures and it has all the modern improvements, two garages, servant houses, barn and poultry house. For further information write, Mrs. E. V. Vogel, Sumter, S. C. 10-tf-c. POTATO PLANTS, FOR SALE Quer one million inspected aiiCy Hall and Puerto Ripotato plants. $2.10 Joj4and shipping point. W&hiS daily. Will fill orders promptly. G. J. Derrick, Lancas ter, S. C. ll-4t-p. Constipation! DR. H.LKEJTH-' (Successor to Dnw. F. Nickel) DFTIST. V i-i i Tr r or ' cs u n o tty- o rtr I 4k t WHS S AW. I A on? yfelief is , Gawen's i at hand! THURSDAY APRIL 17, 1919 II Tha CiJjof jfjjj GOODRICH M Bccau33 very m: something to throng. i experience 'hfhtntodo. A r-- . Dcriencd taking- tho wcrid wiere Nature stops builds it better; whether ho mskes an iron niowto im prove tbA crooked Stick- .Cr turns msre rub ber and cotiton into pneumatictires. jtCivperience is taai unseen thinfe in tires, the quality if which trircG them iut crood i-4 faciei inn XVw-i jji4.0 U. matic tire, ind ever since has fathered the iiTiprmrernsntcf au':emoH!o tires. 4 1 fu;l-rerur:ded bodies, and thicker BLACK SAFETY TREADS, extra wide, fortify- the side wall aeai ipst rut scraping1. It returns value for your money in serv ice value on your car en the road. Buy Goodrich 'Tires from a Dealer BEST IN THE LONG RUN" r4 M j teAV: viVta.2W frit t J '.Tonic? Yes 1!.
French Broad Hustler (Hendersonville, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 17, 1919, edition 1
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